基于表型性状的春兰种质遗传多样性分析

为了解春兰种质间的亲缘关系,提高其利用效率,从50个表型性状研究分析120份春兰种质遗传多样性,发现春兰种质表型多样性丰富。数量性状变异程度较高,变异系数(CV)为13.5%~48.8 %,其中花梗长CV值最高。质量性状Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(I)在0.13~1.69之间,颜色性状的I值均较高;以唇瓣无条纹有斑点、叶片无扭曲无叶艺、萼片无斑点、花瓣有斑点等材料居多。主成分分析提取13个主成分6个因子,可反映春兰的总体形态表现;聚类分析结果显示,在欧氏距离为9.2处可将120份春兰种质划分为4类,其中第一类24份种质以素心为主,第二类花朵较大。研究结果为了解春兰种质间亲缘关系及其评价与利用提供了理论依据。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of Cymbidium goeringii

To understand the relationship among Cymbidium goeringii germplasms and improve the utilization efficiency, genetic diversity analysis was conducted based on 50 phenotypic traits of 120 C. goeringii germplasms. The results show that the phenotypic diversity of C. goeringii germplasms was rich and the variation of quantitative characters was high. The coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 13.5% to 48.8%, and the highest value of CV was detected in peduncle height. The Shannon-Weaver indexes (I) of qualitative traits ranged from 0.13 to 1.69, and the I value of all the color characters were relatively high. Among all germplasms, most accessions have some special traits such as lips with spots but no stripes, leaves with no curing and art, sepals with no spots, or petals with spots. 13 principal components and 6 factors were extracted using principal component analysis (PCA), which could reflect the integral phenotype of C. goeringii germplasms. Based on cluster analysis, all the accessions were classified into four major groups when the Euclidean distance was about 9.2. The first category included 24 C. goeringii germplasms mainly with plain heart, and the second category had larger flowers. This experiment could provide a theoretical basis for the study of the genetic relationship among C. goeringii germplasms and their utilization.