摩西球囊霉对紫花苜蓿烟色织孢霉根腐病的影响

紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa是一种优质的多年生豆科牧草，素有"牧草之王"的美称。根腐病是紫花苜蓿生产中的主要限制因素，可抑制植物生长，严重时导致植物死亡，造成巨大的经济损失。丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AM）广泛存在于农业系统中，可与植物根系形成内生菌根，提高宿主植物对营养元素和水分的吸收，增加植物产量和抗逆性。本研究以紫花苜蓿为试验材料，探究接种AM真菌摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae对紫花苜蓿根腐病烟色织孢霉Microdochium tabacinum的影响。结果表明，摩西球囊霉可抑制烟色织孢霉的侵染，植株发病率降低了20.78%；病原菌的侵染显著抑制紫花苜蓿根系生长和养分吸收，植物地下生物量降低12.87%，根长降低20.52%，根系P含量降低了18.29%，丙二醛（MDA）含量提高了12.78%；AM真菌可以缓解病原菌的危害，促进紫花苜蓿生长，与不接种AM真菌的处理相比，地上生物量、地下生物量、根长分别提高了47.77%，38.67%和20.67%；防御酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性分别提高了42.25%、26.05%和33.62%；地上部分和地下部分P含量分别提高了58.63%和75.38%。

Effect of Glomus mosseae on Root Rot Disease of Medicago sativa Caused by Microdochium tabacinum

Alfalfa Medicago sativa known as the ‘king of forage’ is a high quality perennial legume. Root rot is a major limiting factor in the production of alfalfa, which can inhibit plant growth, even lead to plant death, and cause huge economic losses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi widely exists in the agricultural system. It can form endophytic mycorrhizal with plant roots, thereby improving the host plant to absorb nutrients and water, and increasing plant yield and stress resistance. In this paper, alfalfa was used as the experimental material to investigate the effect of AM fungi Glomus mosseae on alfalfa root rot caused by Microdochium tabacinum. The results showed that G. mosseae can inhibit the infection of M. tabacinum, reduce the disease incidence of plants, and the control efficacy reached 20.78%. The infection of pathogens significantly inhibited the plant growth and nutrient uptake. The plant root biomass, root length and root P content were decreased by 12.87%, 20.52% and 18.29%, respectively, while the content of MDA was increased by 12.78%. AM fungi could alleviate the damage and promote alfalfa growth. Compared with the treatment of un-inoculation AM fungi, the shoot biomass, root biomass and root length were increased by 47.77%, 38.67% and 20.67%, respectively; SOD, POD and CAT activities were increased by 42.25%, 26.05% and 33.62%, respectively; shoot P content and root P content were increase by 58.63% and 75.38%, respectively.