大麦芒对籽粒产量的作用

1982～1987年剪芒、剪叶试验结果表明,大麦诸光合器官对产量的作用表现为:芒>旗叶>倒2叶>倒3叶。芒的作用因品种类型和结实期的气候生态条件不同而异,6棱大麦芒的作用大于2棱大麦。在温度较高,光照充足和雨量较少的年份,芒对粒重的贡献较大;反之,在温度较低,光照不足和雨量较多的年份则较小。灌浆期芒上喷尿素加KH_2PO_4液体肥料能显著提高芒的光合强度,增加千粒重1.3～3.4g。芒对产量贡献卓越的主要原因在于其同化细胞结构复杂,光合面积大和叶绿素含量多。

Effect of Barley(Hordeum vulgare) Awns on the Grain Yield

The awn-cutting and leaf-cutting experiments made from i9'82 to 1987 have shown that effects of all the photosynthetic organs on yield were. awn> flag leaf> the second leaf from the top> the third leaf f^om the top. The effects of awns varied according to the varieties ai;d ecoclimatic conditions during seed setting stage. The effect of awns in sexfarious barley was greater than that of bifarious variety j the contribution of awns to grain Weight1 in the years with higher temperature, sufficient sunlight and less rainfall is greater than that in the years with lower temperature, insufficient sunlight and more rainfall. At the seed setting stage, spraying liquid fertilizer of urea mixed with KH2PO4 onto awns could improve the photo-synthetic strength considerably, with the increase of 1.3-3.4g per lO'OO grains. The principal reason of the excellent contribution of awns to yield lies in their complex structure of assimilation cells, larger photosynthetic area and greater content of chlorophyll.