小麦种质资源的抗蚜性及其与表型性状的关系

为了筛选抗蚜虫的小麦种质资源以及获得小麦抗蚜性选择的形态学指标，2002～2005年对国内外4600份小麦种质资源进行了田间抗蚜性鉴定，并对其中40份抗蚜性不同的材料的抗蚜性与表型性状的关系进行了研究。抗蚜性鉴定结果表明，参试材料的抗蚜性存在明显差异，分为高抗、中抗、低抗和不抗四种类型。筛选出抗蚜材料30份，占参试材料的0．65％，其中C273（印度）和兰麦（陕西柞水）表现高抗，其余7份和21份材料分别表现中抗和低抗。40份不同抗蚜性材料的抗蚜性与表型性状的相关研究表明，植株蜡粉与蚜量比值呈极显著正相关，颖壳颜色与蚜量比值呈显著正相关，穗密度与蚜量比值呈显著负相关，旗叶长、宽及长宽乘积、叶色、芒长、颖壳茸毛等与蚜量比值无显著相关性。颖壳颜色、蜡粉和穗密度可以作为小麦抗麦长管蚜选择的辅助指标。

Relationship between Morphological Characters of Wheat Germplasm and Their Resistance to Sitobion avenae (F.)

4600 wheat germplasm were screened to select genetic resources resistant to sitobion avenae(F.) in Yangling of Shaanxi from 2002 to 2005.The results showed that the germplasm resources resistant to sitobion avenae(F.) were classified into highly resistant,moderately resistant,lowly resistant and susceptible.30 accessions resistant to sitobion avenae(F.) were screened out.2(C273!form India and Lanmai from Zhashui of Shaanxi),7 and 21 accessions were highly resistant,moderately resistant and lowly resistant,respectively.The relationships between the morphological characters and resistance of 40 accessions to sitobion avenae(F.) were studied.The results revealed that the resistance of germplasm to sitobion avenae(F.) were very significantly positive correlative with wax powdery.The resistance were significantly positive correlated with glume color.The resistance were negative correlated with the ear density and were no correlated with the width,the length and the area of flag leaf,leaf color,awn length,and glume pubescence.Wax powdery,glume color and the ear density could be used as assistant marker to select the wheat germplasm resistant to sitobion avenae(F.).