用于房屋取暖的太阳能热转换系统卵石层热特性的实验研究(英)

为了给房间提供热能而不消耗电力和常规能源，设计并制造了用于房屋取暖的太阳能热转换系统。该系统主要由太阳能集热器、卵石层和房间组成。太阳能集热器具有28根真空集热管，每根真空集热管的直径和长度分别为47 mm和1500 mm。在长4 m宽2.7 m的房间内铺设了150 mm厚的卵石层。卵石大小为50～100 mm。对由太阳能集热器热水自然循环加热的太阳能热转换系统卵石层的热特性进行了实验研究。测试了该系统不同单元的温度。结果表明，在考虑了每个测试单元热传递时间滞后的条件下，当系统的入口点和出口点的温度存在温差及卵石层和水泥地面存在温差时，该系统能够实现热能自然循环。证实了卵石层和地表面的水平温度分布均匀。卵石层储热周期为10 h、放热周期为24 h。以卵石层日平均温度与户外平均温度之间的差值为依据，计算出卵石层一日内的储热量约为49 MJ/d。

Experimental study on the thermal characteristics of gravel layer in a solar thermal energy conversion system for house heating

In order to provide heat for a house without power and fossil energy consumption,a solar thermal energy conver-sion system for house heating was designed and manufactured.The system was mainly composed of a solar collector,grav-el layer and a house.The solar collector had 28 vacuum tubes.The diameter and length of each tube were 47 mm and 1500mm,respectively.The gravel layer with thickness of the 150 mm was put in the house whose length and width were 4 mand 2.7 m,respectively.The particle size of the gravel was ranged within 50~100 mm.Thermal characteristics of thegravel layer in the system heated by hot water natural circulation with solar collector were studied.Temperature of eachelement was measured.Results showed that it was possible to realize heat natural circulation when temperature differenceat inlet and outlet of the system,and that of the gravel layer and cement mortar surface were occurred when delay time ofheat transfer in each element was considered.In addition,it was confirmed that horizontal temperature distribution of thegravel layer and cement mortar surface appeared evenly.Heat storage period of the gravel layer was 10 hours and its radia-tion period was 24 hours.The quantity of heat storage of the gravel was about 49 MJ/day when the difference of dailyaverage temperature of gravel layer and daily average temperature of the outdoors was applied.