不同包装材料自发气调对冷藏金针菇活性氧代谢的影响

以金针菇为试验材料，分别采用纳米材料和普通聚乙烯（PE）材料包装后置于（2 ± 1）℃冷库贮藏，通过观察外观变化并定期测定包装袋内气体成分、相对湿度（RH）和自由基清除剂相关酶等指标，探索适于金针菇冷藏的气体条件。结果表明，纳米材料包装袋内气体为CO211.5%，O2 1.6%，RH 89.2%，而PE材料包装袋为CO2 9.7%，O2 2.4%，RH 87.9%，纳米材料显著提高了包装袋内CO2，降低了O2（P < 0.05），同时发现此环境可以显著提高和保持超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）的活性；抑制超氧阴离子、过氧化氢（H2O2）的累积，延缓丙二醛（MDA）含量的升高（P < 0.05）；保持金针菇外观品质，贮藏期从12 d延长至20 d。

Effects of Different Packaging Material on Active Oxygen Metabolism of Flammulina velutipes During Cold Storage

Postharvested Flammulina velutipes were packed with nano-packaging material or polyethylene（PE）material，and then stored at（2 ± 1）℃. To explore the right atmosphere conditions of cold storage for F. velutipes，O2 and CO2 contents of different packages and active oxygen metabolism were detected，and the changes of the quality were observed. The results showed that nano package could maintain hypoxia and hypercapnia storage environment（CO2 11.5%，O2 1.6%），so as to keep the appearance of mushroom quality，prolong the storage time from 12 to 20 days. Meanwhile，the microenvironment of nano package effectively inhibited the levels of superoxide anion and hydrogen perotride（H2O2），and decreased malonaldehyde（MDA）content，while enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），catalase（CAT），peroxidase（POD）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX）. It suggested the condition of CO2 11.5% and O2 1.6% is better than CO2 9.7% and O2 2.4% for F. velutipes cold storage.