天敌治虫和熊蜂授粉技术在大棚草莓上的应用

本文集成、应用大棚草莓天敌治虫、熊蜂授粉技术以减少化学农药使用量，降低农药残留，提高草莓品质。在大棚草莓上，以常规管理作为对照，采用草莓害虫天敌和熊蜂授粉相结合的模式防治大棚草莓害虫、提高果实品质。研究表明，采用多种天敌联合防治技术起到了很好的防治效果，且控制效果持续时间更长。其中对叶螨的防治效果达到74.29%；对粉虱的防治效果达到59.38%；对蚜虫的防治效果达到61.03%。熊蜂授粉技术与人工授粉对比，草莓形状、果色，平均单果重、果实维生素C含量、固形物含量以及固酸比都显著提高，畸形果率显著降低。以上结果表明，多种天敌防治技术对虫害的发生起到了很好的防治效果，优于传统化学防治方式，降低了农药残留；熊蜂授粉技术显著提升了草莓品质、品相及单果重量。

The Application of Natural Enemy Control and Bumblebee Pollination Technology on Strawberry in Greenhouse

The technology of natural enemy control and bumblebee pollination were integrated and applied to reduce the usage of chemical pesticides and lower pesticide residues,and to improve strawberry quality.On the strawberry in the greenhouse,taking the conventional management as the control,the mode of combining the natural enemy of strawberry pest with the bumblebee pollination was adopted to control strawberry pest incidence and improve the quality of fruit.The application of multiple natural enemies combined control technology has a better preventive effect,which lasted longer.The control effect on spider mite,whitefly and aphid reached 74.29%,59.38%and 61.03%.Compared with artificial pollination,bumblebee pollination technology is better in shape and color of strawberry.After bumblebee pollination,the average single fruit weight,vitamin C content,solid matter content and solid acid ratio are significantly increased,and the rate of malformed fruit is significantly reduced.The results showed that the integrated technology of various natural enemies played a better control effect on preventing the occurrence of pests and reducing pesticide residues than traditional chemical control methods,and the technology of bumblebee pollination improved the quality,appearance,and weight of strawberry significantly.