序贯疗法治疗圈养黑猩猩支原体肺炎一例

肺炎支原体对于灵长类幼年黑猩猩的感染,与人类幼儿的临床表现和发病规律相似。该病例幼年黑猩猩早期症状偶见咳嗽,听诊肺部有湿性罗音,体温38.3℃。初步诊断为肺炎,用抗病毒药和抗生素头孢克洛治疗无效。随着病程发展,体温进一步升高到39℃以上,几乎无食欲。拍X光片和采血做支原体抗体检测,结果显示支原体感染强阳性。最终使用阿奇霉素采取＂停4喂3＂的序贯疗法治疗,即阿奇霉素输液3d——口服5d——停药4d——口服3d——停药4d——口服3d,其他则对症治疗。动物在治疗第7天时除偶见咳嗽,症状基本消除;治疗20d后,动物恢复健康。需要注意的是,治疗过程中一定要按照序贯疗法坚持用药治疗,防止疾病复发和减小用药的副作用。

Sequential Therapy to Cure Mycoplasma Pneumonia in a Chimpanzee

The progress of symptoms displayed by sub-adult non-human primates infected with mycoplasma pneumonia is similar to those of children.In a case at Beijing Zoo,a sub-adult chimpanzee coughed occasionally during the initial stage of infection.Moist rales were detected through lung auscultation.Core body temperature was 38.3℃.Pneumonia was preliminarily diagnosed but it was not effectively treated with antiviral drugs and antibiotics（cefaclor）.Core body temperature increased to more than 39℃and the chimpanzee completely lost appetite.Mycoplasma infection was strongly indicated by X-ray examination of the lungs and by blood detection of mycoplasma antibodies.Finally,we treated with sequential therapy（intravenous for 3 days,oral for 5 days,withdrawal for 4 days,oral for 3 days,withdrawal for 4 days,and oral for 3 days）to cure mycoplasma pneumonia with Azithromycin.On the 7th day of sequential treatment,symptoms disappeared except for occasional coughing, and on the 20th day the chimpanzee was cured.It should be noted that the treatment should adhere to the sequential therapy scheme to prevent recrudescence and to reduce side effects of medications.