梅染色体研究

为了研究梅染色体，鉴定梅品种资源的倍数性，为梅分类起源和遗传育种提供细胞学依据，该文采用“去壁低渗法”对我国９个省区梅５个变种，２个变型，１０８个栽培品种的染色体数目进行了观察．首次发现原产我国的云南杏梅是二倍体２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６，但有９．５％的四倍体２ｎ＝４ｘ＝３２细胞．江苏南京的‘迟红’梅品种是二倍体和四倍体的嵌合体，２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６，２ｎ＝４ｘ＝３２．其余供试材料均为二倍体２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６．

Studies on Chromosome of Prunus mume

In order to study the chromosomes of Prunus mume and identify the ploidies of the germplasm resources of Prunus mume, the cytological basis was provided for the taxonomy, origin, inheritance and breeding studies of Prunus mume. Chromosome numbers of 108 cultivars, 2 forms, and 5 mutant species of Prunus mume in 9 provinces (regions) in China were studied by “wall degredation hypotonic treatment" method. It was first found that P.mume Sieb. et Zucc. var. bungo Makino. originated in China is diploid (2n=2x=16), but it has 9.5% of tetraploid cells (2n=4x=32). `Chihongmei' in Nanjing, Jiangsu is a chimera of diploid and tetraploid (2n=2x=16,2n=4x=32). The other cultivars are diploid (2n=2x=16).