四川盆地3种颜色地膜对秋季土壤温度及黄瓜产量的影响

【目的】探究3种颜色地膜覆盖对四川盆地秋季黄瓜的影响。【方法】设置4个处理:透明膜(T1)、黑色膜(T2)和银灰色膜(T3)及不覆盖(CK),分析了3种颜色薄膜对四川盆地秋季土壤温度、黄瓜生长及产量的影响。【结果】在秋季弱光条件下,与CK相比,地膜覆盖均增加了土壤不同深度的根区温度,在5、10和15 cm的深度下,T1、T2处理和T3处理的平均根区温度分别比露地高0.8~0.9、0.5~0.6和0.2~0.6℃。与CK相比,T1、T2处理和T3处理的黄瓜株高分别增加了6.9%、8.7%和15.3%,单株果实数分别增加了20.6%、20.6%和8.8%,小区总产量分别增加了19.25%、7.18%和16.24%。3种颜色地膜覆盖均可以增加土壤温度、促进黄瓜生长,进而提高黄瓜产量,但3种地膜间均无显著差异。【结论】3种不同颜色地膜覆盖黄瓜的产量之间无显著差异,但均能提高四川盆地弱光区秋季黄瓜的产量。

Impact of Mulch Film Color on Soil Temperature and Yield of Cucumber Cultivated in the Fall in Sichuan Basin

【Background】Cucumber is one of the main vegetables cultivated in the Sichuan basin,but the annual average solar radiation,1500 MJ/m2,in the basin cannot meet its requirement for light.Many studies have shown that mulching soil by plastic film can improve light utilization efficiency of plants and consequently increases their yields.【Objective】This paper aims to investigate the effects of the color of mulch films on development and yield of cucumber grown in the fall in the Sichuan basin.【Method】The field experiments compared four plastic films:transparent film(T1),black film(T2)and silver-black film(T3),with a treatment without mulch taken as the control(CK).In each treatment,we measured soil temperature profile,change in plant height and other plant traits.【Result】Compared with the CK,mulching at low light condition in the fall increased the root-zone temperature,with T1,T2 and T3 increasing the temperature in 0~15 cm soil by 0.8~0.9℃,0.5~0.6℃and 0.2~0.6℃,respectively.Compared with the CK,T1,T2 and T3 increased the plant height by 6.9%,8.7%and 15.3%respectively,the number of fruits per plant by 20.6%,20.6%and 8.8%,respectively,and the plot-yield by 19.25%,7.18%and 16.24%respectively.Mulching with all three plastic films increased soil temperature and promoted cucumber growth,thereby increasing it yield.No significant difference was found between the three film mulches in their impact on soil temperature and the cucumber yield.【Conclusion】Film mulch can improve yield of the cucumber grown in the fall,and there was no difference between the three mulch films we compared in their impact on soil temperature and the cumber yield.