巴西橡胶树次生乳管分化能力早期预测的相关基因初步研究

目前通过常规的试割测产进行橡胶树产量育种的方法，周期长且效率低，亟须改进。橡胶树次生乳管分化能 力是决定橡胶产量的关键因子之一，因此，次生乳管分化能力的早期预测对缩短橡胶树产量育种周期具有重要意义。 本研究采用分子生物学技术，割胶处理不同次生乳管分化能力等级的橡胶树种质的杂交后代，对水囊皮组织中的茉莉 酸生物合成关键酶基因、茉莉酸途径关键环节基因和橡胶生物合成关键酶基因等 20 个基因的表达模式进行分析，并将 基因表达与橡胶树种质次生乳管分化能力等级进行相关性分析。结果发现：茉莉酸生物合成关键酶基因 HbAOCa 和橡 胶生物学合成关键酶基因 HbHevb7 在割胶处理后上调表达，且与橡胶树种质的次生乳管分化能力等级相关性较好。该 方法可用于区分橡胶树种质间次生乳管分化能力的差异。研究结果不仅可以夯实橡胶树种质的乳管分化能力的早期预 测方法，而且可为开发次生乳管分化能力的相关分子标记提供理论基础。

Early Prediction of the Genes in the Secondary Laticifer Differentiation of Hevea brasiliensis

At present, the method of rubber tree yield breeding through conventional trial production test, had a long period and low efficiency, and it was urgently needed to be improved. The secondary differentiation ability was one of the key factors to determine the latex yield in rubber tree. Therefore, the early prediction of secondary laticifer differentiation had a significant meaning to shorten the yield breeding cycle in Hevea. To achieve this goal, we analyzed the expression of twenty genes, e.g. key enzyme genes of jasmonic acid biosynthesis, key regulation genes of jasmonic acid signaling pathway and key enzyme genes of rubber biosynthesis, in the bark of the hybrid offspring germplasm by tapping using molecular biology techniques. Also, correlation analysis between the gene expression and the ability of secondary laticifer differentiation of the hybrid offspring germplasms was analyzed. The result turn out that HbAOCa, the key enzyme gene of jasmonic acid biosynthesis, and HbHevb7, the key enzyme gene of rubber biosynthesis were up-regulated after tapping, and it had a good correlation with the ability of secondary laticifer differentiation in different rubber germplasms. The results not only could enrich the early prediction methods for the differentiation of the latex of the rubber tree germplasms, but also provide a theoretical basis for the development of molecular markers related to the differentiation ability of the secondary laticifer differentiation.