新农村建设中人力资本的供需均衡与机制创新

长期以来我国城乡教育资源、卫生资源、国民待遇、基础设施和经济组织机构的非均衡分配和发展导致了农民受教育权利与受教育机会、健康权利与健康保障、参政权利与参政机会、迁徙权利与迁徙自由、就业权利与就业机会和文化消费权利与文化资源供给的六大失衡.这是农村人力资本供需失衡的关键因素.社会主义新农村建设需要城乡人力资本均衡发展,实现均衡发展必须在农村人力资本的制度保障机制、法规支持机制、刚性投入机制、需求激励机制和规范认证机制方面进行创新.

Supply-and-demand Equilibrium of Human Capitals and Its Mechanism Innovation in Construction of New Countryside

The imbalanced distribution and development of urban-rural educational resources,health resources,national treatments,infrastructures and economic organizations resulted in imbalances of the farmers' right and opportunity of receiving education,right and safeguard of health,right and opportunity to participate in state affairs,right and freedom to migrate,right and opportunity to work,and right to consume cultural products and supply of cultural resources,which were the key factors of the imbalanced supply and demand of rural human capitals.The construction of "New Socialist Countryside" required balanced development of urban-rural human capitals,which in turn called for pioneering efforts in institutional safeguard mechanisms,legal support mechanisms,rigid input mechanisms,demand incentive mechanisms and standard authorization systems for rural human capitals.