基于双层粒子群算法的下级渠道流量不等时渠系优化配水

以黑河中游张掖市甘州区盈科灌区盈四支一分支为研究对象,在现有渠道优化配水模型基础上,针对下级渠道配水流量不相等的情况,对渠系优化配水工作进行研究。选择以渠道输水损失最小与轮灌组间引水持续时间差异值最小建立多目标优化配水模型,以下级渠道出水口的开关状态与实际流量为决策变量,采用双层粒子群算法求解最优轮灌组合。成功构建了下级渠道不等时的渠系优化配水模型,采用双层粒子群算法求得的结果表明,轮灌组划分合理,下级渠系流量变化范围在其设计流量的74.3%~77.6%],上级渠系流量变化平稳,最大配水时间113.4 h,其结果低于人工制定的168 h原配水计划。各渠道流量在其允许的范围内变化,渠系优化配水过程与配水时间组合合理,上级渠道配水流量均匀,避免了上级渠系流量突然变化与减少对下级渠系的影响,不仅减少了渠道弃水,同时使各个轮灌组同一时间关闭,有效减少了闸门调节次数,为灌区管理部门制定配水计划提供决策。

Optimal water allocation in canal system under unequal discharges in subordinate canals based on Bi-level PSO Method

Taking No.1 Sub-branch Canal of the Yingke Forth Branch Canal in Ganzhou Region of Zhangye City located in middle reach of the Heihe River as the research object,based on the present canal optimal water allocation model,aimed at the situation of unequal discharge in subordinate canals,carried out research of optimal water allocation in canal system.Selected the minimal water losses by canal water delivery and minimal time difference among rotation groups,set up the multi-objective optimal water allocation model.Taking the switch state of the subordinate canals and actual discharge as the decision variables,the optimal combination of rotational irrigation group has been solved by using the Bi-level PSO Method.The optimal water allocation model in canal system was successfully constructed under unequal discharge in subordinate canals.The result obtained by using the Bi-level PSO Method has been showed:The rotation irrigation groups were divided rational.It suggested that the discharge at lateral canal of change range was 74.3 ％ ～ 77.6％ and the discharge of branch canal was flowed smoothly,the maximal water allocation time was 113.4 h,which was less than the 168 h in original water allocation plan constituted by hand.Each canal discharge was changed within the allowable range,the allocation time combination in the process of optimal water allocation in canal system was rational.The allocated discharge in superior canal was equalization to avoid the effects of discharge suddenly change in superior canal to the subordinate canals.Not only the surplus water in canals was decreased,meanwhile let each irrigation ro tation group was close in same time,the gate regulating times were effectively reduced,the decision-making can be provided for the irrigation management division to draw up the water allocation plan.