农田长期生态过程的长期试验研究进展与展望

长期试验是研究农田长期生态过程及其环境效应和调控措施的重要手段.本文综述了国际上重要农业长期试验的研究发展趋势,分析了农业长期试验的重要作用,然后分析了国内农业长期试验网的发展现状,提出了未来发展的建议.农业长期试验的发展主要表现在长期农业生态和环境过程的研究领域不断扩展、长期试验成为多学科交叉研究平台和应用研究平台.国内建立了两个主要的农业长期试验网络,重点开展了水分和养分的长期试验.目前农业长期试验网络需要在区域尺度上加强农业、环境和生物科学的交叉研究;扩展试验地面积,完善试验设计;完善分析测试方法和样品、数据的保存系统.国家需要制定和实施稳定农业长期试验研究的管理和经费支持政策.

Long-Term Experimental Research on Long-Term Ecological Processes in Agro-Ecosystems:A Review

Agriculture long-term experiment is an important tool to research the long-term ecological processes, its environmental impact and regulation methods. The research progress and key functions of the international important agriculture long-term experiments were reviewed firstly, then the research status in China was analyzed of the two national network of agriculture long-term experiments, finally the suggestions to strengthen the long-term research capacity were putted forward. The progress showed that the long-term experiments enlarged their research fields on ecology and environment, which became the base for multi-discipline research and application research. Two domestic agriculture research networks mainly studied the water and nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems. It is need to reinforce the multi-discipline research on agriculture, ecology and environment science; enlarge the experiment plot area and supplement treatments; perfect the analysis methods, and build the date and sample storage system. Finally the national policy to manage and financially support the agriculture long-term research should be designed and conducted.