胚乳外观标记与RVA谱理化指标相结合辅助改良早籼稻食用品质

对具有较低和中等表观直链淀粉含量的浙辐504和IR64的杂交后代进行观察，发现胚乳外观存在4种类型：乳白色、云雾状、透明状及各外观混合体。与胚乳外观紧密关联，表观直链淀粉含量(AAC)也相应有4种含量水平：明显低AAC变异型、浙辐504型、IR64型和介于双亲的中间型。RVA谱分析表明，不同胚乳外观的淀粉粘滞特性差异明显。透明状外观尽管AAC相仿，但个体间淀粉粘滞性分化明显，只有个别优良品系的RVA谱与优质亲本IR64相似。表明以胚乳外观标记和RVA谱理化指标辅助选择可有效控制表观直链淀粉含量和淀粉粘滞性，是改良早籼稻米品质的一条有效途径。

Endosperm Appearance Marker and Physical/Chemical Indicator of RVA Profile Combined-Assisted Selection for the Improvement of Eating Quality of Early Indica Rice

Low appearance amylose content(AAC) variety Zhefu 504 was crossed with middle AAC variety IR64 to analyze the performance of AAC and endosperm appearance in the grains of their progeny. Four types of endosperm appearance i.e. milky white, mist, transparency, and mixture of them, were found, and they were corresponding closely to the four AAC levels, i.e. variants with obviously low AAC, Zhefu 504 type, IR64 type, and middle type between parents. The RVA analysis indicated that starch viscosity property of grains with various endosperm appearance were evidently different. Although having similar AAC, the individuals with transparent endosperm appearance were different obviously in starch viscosity property, only few superior lines had the similar RVA profile with good quality rice IR64. The results suggested that endosperm appearance and RVA profile could be used as physical/chemical marker-assisted selection in rice grain quality improvement to effectively manage AAC and starch viscosity property.