北京地区八十年代高产小麦新品种主要农艺性状分析

作者通过对北京地区八十年代超标小麦新品种主要农艺性状的分析,发现新品种产量潜力的增加主要是由于提高了一穗粒重,而亩穗数则有减少趋势。这表明,北京地区的小麦育种正在朝着中间型—大穗型方向发展。一穗粒重的增加大部分品种是由于提高了千粒重,而目前北京地区最高产小麦品种北农2号除了粒重有所增加外,主要是由于增加了一穗粒数。作者认为,同时进行千粒重和一穗粒数的综合选择,是提高一穗粒重的有效途径。实践证明,“在保证足够亩穗数前提下侧重攻一穗粒重”的育种方向是可行的。

PRINCIPAL AGRONOMICAL CHARACTERS ANALYSIS FOR NEW VARIETIES OF HIGHYIELD WHBAT OF BEIJING AREA IN 1980'S

Through the analysis of principal agronomical characters of new super- criterion wheat varieties of Beijing area in 1980's, it was discovered that increase of yield potential for new varieties were mainly due to increasing of weight per ear, whereas the ear number per mu tended to decrease. It was shown that the way of wheat breeding in Beijing area is developing to middle ear type or large ear type. The increase of grain weight per ear for the most part of varieties was because of raising weight of 1000 grains. Now in Beijing area the highest yield variety BeiNoun2 has chiefly inc- reased the grain number per ear beside increase of grain weight. Author pointed out that the integrative selection for the weight of 1000 grains and the grain number per ear at the same time was the effective way to increase the grain weight per ear. The practice has proved that under the condi- tion of enough ear number per mu it is possible of the breeding dircetion to emphasize the grain weieht per ear.