干湿交替对土壤性质影响的研究

开展干湿交替对土壤理化性质影响的研究,对于认识土壤侵蚀机理、缓解土壤侵蚀的发生具有重要意义。通过干湿交替的研究进展、干湿交替对土壤物理性质、土壤化学性质和土壤微生物特性的影响四个方面分析了干湿交替发展历程及其对土壤性质影响的过程和机理,相关研究表明:干湿交替的相关研究在各个时段有所侧重,干湿交替对土壤物理性质的影响与土壤容重、抗冲性、崩解速率和膨胀收缩率有关,对土壤化学性质的影响与土壤有机质分解、氮素矿化磷素吸附与释放等因素关系密切;干湿交替通过影响土壤呼吸和微生物生物量,使得土壤微生物特性发生改变。根据现有研究中存在的干湿处理量化指标不相一致、干湿处理方式局限于室内模拟及忽略干湿处理过程土壤相关性质动态变化过程等问题,提出定量化干湿处理指标、开展原位小区干湿处理试验、关注干湿交替过程中土壤形态发育情况和化学元素迁移差异及其微生物活性动态变化等研究展望,拟对土壤侵蚀和水土保持研究提供一定理论指导。

Influence of Dry-Wet Cycling on Soil Properties

To understand the mechanism of soil erosion and subsequently reduce erosion,it is important to study the effect of dry-wet cycling on soil physical-chemical properties.This paper analyzed the dry-wet cycling development course and its effects on soil erosion process and mechanism in four aspects from the research progress of dry-wet cycling.The research focus on dry-wet cycling was different at different periods.The influence of dry-wet cycling onsoil erosion was closely associated with soil physical properties (such as soil bulk density,soil anti-scourability,soil disintegration and soil swelling-shrinkage) and chemical properties (such as soil organic matter,nitrogen mineralization and soil phosphorus sorption and desorption).Furthermore,the dry-wet cycling test also influenced soil microorganism.Based on that,the present bottleneck problem in this research direction was discussed and the research prospect about dry-wet cycling effect on soil erosion was explored.The research results could have theoretical and practical significances for scientific using of land resources and ensuring the region ecological environment security.