林下茶园蜘蛛群落及叶蝉种群时空结构研究

为有效利用天敌蜘蛛控制茶树害虫,田间调查林下生态模式茶园蜘蛛群落及叶蝉种群动态变化。结果表明,林下茶园的蜘蛛种群数量明显高于常规茶园,且叶蝉种群的数量显著低于常规茶园。从蜘蛛功能群情况看,林下茶园的游猎型和结网型蜘蛛种类和数量相近,而常规茶园主要以游猎型蜘蛛为主。比较林下茶园和常规茶园的蜘蛛多样性,物种多样性指数、均匀性指数、丰富度指数和优势度指数林下茶园均较高。林下茶园蜘蛛种群对叶蝉具有明显跟随现象,对叶蝉的控制作用显著。常规茶园蜘蛛种群数量基本低于叶蝉种群数量,在叶蝉高峰期未起到明显控制作用。

Forest Ecological Model on the Spider Community and Leafhopper Population in Tea Plantation

To effectively control pests using the natural enemy spider in tea plantation, field investigations were conducted to know the dynamic change of the spider community and leafhopper population in the forest ecological model tea plantation and conventional tea plantation. The results showed that the number of spider population in the forest ecological model tea plantation was significantly higher than that in the conventional tea plantation, while the number of leafhopper population was significantly lower compared with that in the conventional tea plantation. As to spider communities, the species and the number of spiders that remained in their webs and were observed moving were similar in forest ecological model tea plantation, but spiders were mainly observed moving in conventional tea plantation. The spider species diversity index, evenness index, richness index and dominance index were higher in the forest ecological model tea plantation. The spider population had obvious phenomenon of following the leafhopper and significant control effect on leafhoppers in the forest ecological model tea plantation; while the spider populations were less than leafhopper populations in the conventional tea plantation, and the control effect in the peak of leafhopper was not obvious.