酿造冰红山葡萄酒新品种“北冰红”定向栽培技术研究

中国农业科学院特产研究所于2005～2010年研究出酿造冰红山葡萄酒新品种“北冰红”10项定向栽培技术,分别为:建园适宜的地势是缓坡地块；硬枝嫁接砧木1 a生“贝达”葡萄条、硬枝扦插适宜的生根剂是萘乙酸或吲哚丁酸150mg/kg浸泡插条基部5 cm处6 h；适宜的架式和密度是0.75 m×3.0 m单株保留1个主蔓的小棚架；结果枝适宜摘心时期是树开花前7～10 d；适宜保留叶片数量是在结果枝最前端花序留4片叶摘心；掐除花序尖1/5和疏果粒后,增加果粒和果稳重量,提高果实含糖量和增产；适宜施肥时期和施肥量是果实采收后秋施有机肥、植株萌芽期667m2施尿素15.0 kg+过磷酸钙7.5 kg+15kg硫酸钾,开花前7～10 d,667m2施尿素20 kg+过磷酸钙10 kg+硫酸钾20 kg,果实着色期施二铵7.5 kg+硫酸钾15 kg;花期喷布0.3％硼酸水溶液+0.5％砂糖水溶液,可增糖提高坐果率和产量；适宜的留果量为单株保留50果穗,1 hm2产量控制24 t左右,12月采收树上冰冻果实12 t左右；生理落果结束后,开始喷布等量的波尔多液180～200倍预防霜霉病害,进入雨季交替喷布市售新型杀菌剂交替啧布25％精甲霜灵2 500倍液、50％金科克4 000倍液、72％霜霉威600倍液.

Research on the Techniques for Directional Culture of The New Ice-red Brewing Grape Cultivar 'Beibinghong'

Nine sets of techniques for directional culture of ’Beibinghong’ had been developed during 2005~2010,the garden should be built on gentle slope;Treating with 150 mg/kg naphthyl acetic acid or indole butyric acid,then immersing 6 h for the 5 cm up from the base of the cuttings of the annual rootstocks ’Beta’ or hardwood cutting could root well;The trellis form with a size of 0.75 m×3.0 m would be eligible and the optimum density was to keep one main vine on an individual plant;The best time for pinching of the bearing branches was 7~10 days before blossom.4 leaves should be left on the bearing branches.Taking 25% of inflorescence off and thinning berry increasing could help to increase fruit,ear weight as well as fruit sugar content and yield.The appropriate fertilizing strategies in different seasons were:Organic fertilizer after harvesting,Urea 15.0 kg+superphosphate 7.5 kg+Potassium Sulfate 15 kg per 667 m2in germination,Urea 20 kg+superphosphate 10 kg+ potassium sulfates 20 kg per 667 m27~10 days before flowering and diammonium phosphate 7.5 kg+potassium sulfates 15 kg per 667 m2during fruit coloring.To give 0.3%boric acid aqueous solution+0.5% sugar solution during florescence could help to increase fruit-setting rate and yield.Keeping 50 fruit cluster on each individual plant helps to the maintain the yield at about 24 t/hm2including 12 t/hm2frozen fruit in December.After physiological fruit drop,bordeaux mixture was sprayed 180~200 times in order to prevent downy mildew disease.In rainy season 25% metalaxyl-M 2 500 times liquid,50% Jinkeke 4 000 times liquid and 72% Propamocarb 600 times liquid were sprayed in turns.