Dry mycelium of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Penicillium chrysogenum</Emphasis> induces resistance against verticillium wilt and enhances growth of cotton plants |
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Authors: | Hezhong?Dong Email author" target="_blank">Yigal?CohenEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel;(2) On sabbatical leave from Cotton Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 250100 Jinan, China |
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Abstract: | Dry mycelium (DM) ofPenicillium chrysogenum and its water extract (DME) were examined for their effects on induced resistance against Verticillium wilt and plant growth
of cotton in the greenhouse. Soil application of 0.1–5% DM or 0.5–5% DME provided significant protection against the wilt,
relative to the control. As neither DM nor DME inhibited mycelial growth ofVerticillium dahliae in vitro, it is suggested that the disease-controlling effects of DM or DME are attributed to induced resistance. DME (5%), as well
as DME treated with chloroform or cold acetone, were as effective as 2% DM in reducing disease severity of Verticillium wilt,
implying that the resistance-inducing substance(s) in DM are mostly water-soluble, with neither proteins nor lipids likely
to be responsible for the induction of resistance. No significant difference in root colonization withV. dahliae was found between control-inoculated and 2% DM- or 5% DME-inoculated plants. However, colonization of hypocotyls and epicotyls
was drastically suppressed by either 2% DM or 5% DME relative to the control. Treatments with 2% DM or 5% DME significantly
increased ionically-bound peroxidase (POX) activity in roots, hypocotyls and the second leaf of cotton plants, with the hypocotyls
expressing the highest increase. Soil application of DM or DME increased plant height, fresh and dry weight of inoculated
and non-inoculated cotton plants, relative to their corresponding controls. It is concluded that DM may be used in cotton
crops to promote plant growth and to induce resistance againstV. dahliae. POX might be associated with the defense against Verticillium wilt.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 9, 2002. |
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Keywords: | Verticillium dahliae peroxidase activity Gossypium hirsutum Gossypium barbadense |
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