强筋小麦分子标记多重PCR体系的构建与应用

面筋强度与小麦高低分子量谷蛋白亚基种类(组合)密切相关。以12个已知亚基基因组成的品种为对照，选用基因(位点)Axnull、Bx7^OE、Dx5、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3i和Glu-B3的标记，构建多重PCR体系。以该体系检测对照的结果与已知基因型完全一致，一次PCR可同时间接检测7个与强筋有关基因(位点)Ax1/Ax2^*、Bx7^OE、Dx5、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3i和Glu-B3。对62个陕西小麦品种的检测结果表明，优质强筋亚基基因(位点)Ax1/Ax2^*、Dx5、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3i和Glu-B3的比例依次为56.5%、9.6%、33.9%、1.6%和64.4%，所有品种均不含Bx7^OE，携带0、1、2和3个及以上基因(位点)的品种分别占6.5%、33.9%、48.3%和11.3%。说明聚合多个强筋亚基基因(位点)的品种频率较低，通过优质亚基基因的聚合育种，可望改善陕西小麦品种的面筋品质。本研究所构建的强筋小麦分子标记检测的多重PCR体系检测结果稳定且可靠，可用于小麦种质资源的快速评价和强筋小麦分子辅助选育。

Establishment and Application of Multiplex PCR System Based on Molecular Markers of Glutenin Subunit Genes (Loci) Related to Strong-gluten in Wheat

Wheat strong-gluten quality is closely correlated with combinations of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS). The multiplex PCR system is a rapid and efficient approach to evaluate wheat germplasm and its quality in wheat. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR system confering molecular markers on Ax1/Ax2*, Bx7OE, Dx5, Glu-A3d, Glu-B3i genes, and Glu-B3 locus and validated it with 12 cultivars with known subunit at each locus. This multipl...