亚太地区非木材林产品生产和利用现状及前景

本文概述了在亚太地区日益受到重视的非木材林产品的资源、生产及利用现状, 重点对中国、菲律宾、泰国、印度、马来西亚和印度尼西亚做了介绍, 并对非木材林产品的发展前景进行了描述。

Current Status & Perspective of Non-Wood Forest Products Development in Asia-Pacific Region

Non-Wood Forest Products(NWFP) , traditionally considered to be "minor" forest product implies all renewable and tangible products, other than timber, firewood and charcoal derived from forests or any land under similar use as well as woody plant(except the products like sand stone water, ecotourism) . As the forests are dispearing from the earth, recently attention has been focused on the potential importance of NWFP toward meeting rural communities'need for food, fiber and forage, as well as essential sources of cash and better income. In Asia-Pacific region,it is of greater significance to develop NWFP for rural & national economy as the forests are particularly rich in non-wood forest resources which yeild foods, medicines and a whole range of products for domestic purposes, cottage industries and trade. In addition, harvesting of NWFP is promising in making forestry development economically viable and ecological and cutural sustainable. But under current social & natural circumstances it is likely to have a number of diffculties in the sustaiable development of NWFP:(1) The natural non-wood forest resources have been depleted rapidly and significantly by increasing deforestation, forest degration and over exploitation to meet the growing demand for NWFP.(2) Governments often have a poor knowledge of their extent and variability.(3) Marketing of NWFP may also be difficult such as how to expand productions to enter new market and aviod monopoly and trade restiction.(4) There is often little ecological knowledge availble upon which to base the development of sustainable management systems for the various products being harvested. In general, to realise the potential benent of NWFP development we have to do the following works:(1) To remake forest, land use and development policies so that the importance of NWFP resource and value can be uniformly taken into account.(2) To take active measures to conserve and rebuild the natural resource base.(3) To greatly plant non-wood forest as a supplement to the natural resources.(4) To research into ways to achieve more efficient use and greater commercial return, particularly to retain more added value at the rural level.