Effect of dietary fiber on methane production in Chinese Lantang gilts |
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Authors: | Z Cao YL Gong XD Liao JB Liang B Yu YB Wu |
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Institution: | 1. College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;2. Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;3. Agro-Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. of Shenzhen City, Guangdong 518023, China |
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Abstract: | The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary fiber on methane (CH4) production in pigs using the Chinese native Lantang gilts as study model. The study consisted of two experiments. In the first, 12 Lantang gilts (58.7±0.37 kg), individually housed in open-circuit respiration chambers were randomly divided into two groups (six replicates per dietary group) and fed either with low fiber diet LFD; neutral detergent fiber (NDF)=201.5 g/kg] or high fiber diet (HFD; NDF=329.7 g/kg). Wheat bran was the main source of fiber for the LFD while ground rice hull (mixture of rice bran and rice hull) was used in the HFD. Results of the study showed that gilts fed LFD recorded higher (P<0.05) digestibility coefficients for dry matter (DM), total organic carbon (TOC), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and cellulose than those in the HFD. However, digestibility coefficient for NDF did not differ between treatments but that for hemicellulose was higher for HDF than for LDF. Because of the higher NDF and hemicellulose contents in the diet, pigs in the HFD recorded higher (P<0.05) amount of digested NDF (126.1 vs. 83.6 g/d) and hemicellulose (38.7 vs. 11.9 g/d) than those fed LFD. The higher amount of digested NDF and hemicellulose recorded for the HFD treatment was inconsistent with the lower (P<0.01) daily CH4 production from gilts fed the HFD compared to that fed LFD (2.46 vs. 3.90 L/pig). To better explain for the unexpected higher CH4 production from pigs fed LFD, an in vitro fermentation study was conducted using a factorial design comprised of two inocula (collected from low fiber and high fiber diets) and eight substrates (LFD, HFD, wheat bran, ground rice hull and their respective NDF residues). Results of the in vitro trial seems to suggest that the low CH4 production from the HFD animals was primarily the results of low fermentation rates of HFD and the ground rice hull. However, the calculated CH4 productions based on the molar percentage of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in both, in vivo and in vitro experiments reaffirmed the in vivo result, that is, CH4 production from pigs fed HFD was lower than that fed LFD. Although there is a lack of scientific data from this study to fully explain for the unexpected lower CH4 production from pigs fed the HFD, our results seems to suggest that quantity of digested fiber (including NDF) was not the sole factor affecting enteric CH4 production in pigs. |
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Keywords: | ADF acid detergent fiber expressed inclusive of residual ash ADL acid detergent lignin determined by solubilization of cellulose with sulfuric acid BW body weight CF crude fiber DF dietary fiber DM dry matter GC gas chromatograph HFD high fiber diet HN NDF residues of high fiber IVDMD in vitro dry matter degradability LFD low fiber diet LN NDF residues of low fiber diet LW live weight MRT mean retention time NDF neutral detergent fiber assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed inclusive of residual ash R ground rice hull RN NDF residues of ground rice hull TGP total gas production TOC total organic carbon VFA volatile fatty acid W wheat bran WN NDF residues of wheat bran |
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