大麦穗长和株高QTL的鉴定

为挖掘大麦穗长和株高的QTL位点，以1个大麦重组自交系（recombinant inbred line,RIL）群体（以J36528和BMJ89为亲本，包含125个F₁₀代）为材料，基于本课题组前期利用DArT标记构建的连锁图谱，结合4年2点共6个不同生态环境测得的穗长和株高表型数据，鉴定大麦穗长和株高QTL。结果表明，共鉴定到3个穗长QTL和2个株高QTL，分别分布在2H、3H、6H和7H染色体上，其中，穗长位点 Qsl.sicau-JB-2H在2个环境中被检测到，能够解释11.38%~14.66%的表型变异； Qsl.sicau-JB-7H在6个环境中均被检测到，能够解释35.10%~46.34%的表型变异；而 Qph.sicau-JB-6H仅在1个环境中被检测到，可解释17.99%的表型变异。株高位点 Qph.sicau-JB-6H在5个环境中均被检测到，能够解释16.36%~21.18%的表型变异；而 Qph.sicau-JB-3H仅在1个环境中被检测到，可解释15.40%的表型变异。本研究为解析大麦植株形态和产量性状遗传机制以及分子辅助育种奠定了基础。

Identification of QTL for Barley Spike Length and Plant Height

In order to excavate QTLs for spike length and plant height of barley,using a linkage map constructed by a barley recombinant inbred line(RIL) population consisting of 125 F₁₀ lines derived from a cross between J36528 and BMJ89 based on DArT markers and phenotype values from six different environments in two locations and four growing seasons,QTLs for barley spike length and plant height were identified. The results showed that three QTLs for spike length and two QTLs for plant height were detected on 2H,3H,6H and 7H chromosomes. For spike length,Qsl.sicau-JB-2H and Qsl.sicau-JB-6H were detected in two and six environments,were major and stable QTLs,explaining 11.38%-14.66% and 35.10%-46.34% of the phenotypic variance,respectively,but Qsl.sicau-JB-6H was detected in only one environment,explaining 17.99% of the phenotypic variance. For plant height,Qph.sicau-JB-6H was detected in five environments,were major and stable QTL,explaining 16.36%-21.18% of the phenotypic variance,but Qph.sicau-JB-3H was detected in only one environment,explaining 15.40% of the phenotypic variance. This study lays a foundation for molecular assisted breeding and understanding the genetic mechanism of plant morphology and yield traits in barley.