抗病性持久度的估测(Ⅱ)——小麦条锈病抗病性持久度的模拟研究

 以小麦条锈病大区流行模型PANCRIN为基础,建成该病抗病性持久度模型PANCVDE,进行模拟试验,结果指出,除供试垂直抗病性品种本身的抗小种谱、种植面积和气候条件制约的流行速率三者综合为抗病性丧失的主导因素外,背景系统中其它多种因素也都程度不同地影响着甚至制约着抗病性丧失,如感病品种的面积、水平抗病性品种的面积、其它垂直抗病性品种的抗小种谱、垂直抗性水平抗性综合抗病性品种、新小种的侵袭力等等。模拟结果大都能被已有认识或经验所接受,其中有些还暗含一些启示,如新小种定向选择压力的定量化估测、水平抗病性对垂直抗病性的保护作用、和小种侵袭力研究的重要性等。作者认为,系统模拟方法可以用于小麦条锈病以及类似病害的品种抗病持久度研究。

ON THE ESTIMATION OF THE DURABILITY OF DISEASE RESISTANCE (Ⅱ)-SIMULATION STUDY ON THE DURABILITY OF DISEASE RESISTANCE OF WHEAT TO YELLOW RUST

Results from simulation experiments by means of a pandemic model of wheat yellow rust PANCVDE showed that the racial resistance spectrum and the acreage of the tester cultivar as well as the meteorological conditions are usually the leading factors determining the durability of resistance of a cultivar. Besides, considerable effect on durability were showed to be exerted also by other factors of the background system for the tester cultivar, including the acreage of the susceptible cultivar, the acreage of the horizontal resistant cultivar, the racial resistance spectrum of other vertical resistant cultivar, the comprehensive resistant cultivar, as well as the aggressiveness of the new race. Simulation results mostly coincided with commonknowledge and experiences in relevant respect, and some suggestions could be derived, such as the quantification of selection pressure, the protective action of horizontal resistance to the vertical resistance, and the necessity for estimating the aggressiveness of a new race. System simulation approach might be useful for the study on durability of disease resistance of wheat yellow rust as well as other similar diseases.