日光温室番茄褪绿病毒病的发生规律及其与Q型烟粉虱种群动态关系

为有效控制日光温室番茄褪绿病毒病,于2014—2015年通过RT-PCR检测方法研究了济南市日光温室番茄褪绿病毒(Tomato chlorosis virus,ToCV)的发生规律、其与Q型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci种群动态的关系及防虫网对该病毒病的防控效果。结果表明,春季日光温室番茄植株上Q型烟粉虱成虫数量呈增长趋势,5月下旬最高达到0.10头/叶,秋季日光温室番茄植株上Q型烟粉虱成虫数量9月上旬达最高7.42头/叶,后逐渐下降;日光温室Q型烟粉虱带毒率随着定植时间的延长而逐渐上升,之后维持相对稳定状态,即春季为20.00%~24.14%,秋季为30.00%~40.00%。日光温室ToCV发生与Q型烟粉虱成虫数量和带毒率密切相关,春季番茄最高发病率为12.00%;秋季番茄植株最高发病率为93.02%。番茄育苗和生长期用100目防虫网隔离可显著降低番茄植株带毒率。因此,秋季是日光温室ToCV防控关键期,覆盖防虫网阻隔烟粉虱可有效防治ToCV,推荐在日光温室使用。

Occurrence regularity of Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) disease and its relations with population dynamics of Bemisia tabaci biotype Q in solar greenhouses

In order to control Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) disease effectively in solar greenhouses, the occurrence regularity of ToCV disease, its relationship with population dynamics of Bemisia tabaci biotype Q and the control effect of insect-proof net were studied by using RT-PCR detection in Jinan, Shandong Province from 2014 to 2015. The results showed that the number of B. tabaci biotype Q increased in spring and reached the maximum 0.10 individual/leaf in late May, but the number of B. tabaci biotype Q decreased in autumn and the maximum was 7.42 individual/leaf in early September. The viruliferous percent of B. tabaci biotype Q increased firstly as the growth of tomato plant and then remained stable (20.00%-24.14% in spring and 30.00%-40.00% in autumn). The occurrence of ToCV disease was closely related to the number and the viruliferous percent of B. tabaci biotype Q. The incidence of ToCV increased with the time, the highest values of which were 12.00% in spring and 93.02% in autumn. The viruliferous percent of ToCV was reduced by using 100 mesh insect-proof net for blocking B. tabaci biotype Q during seedling and growth stages of tomato plants. Therefore, autumn is the key period for controlling the ToCV disease in solar greenhouses, and covering insect-proof net to prevent B. tabaci biotype Q before the outbreak of ToCV is an effective measure and recommended for solar greenhouses.