Neutralization kinetics of bovine viral diarrhea virus by hyperimmune serum: one or multi-hit mechanism |
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| Authors: | K S Chen D W Johnson |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Research Centre for Wildlife, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;4. Sarang Buaya Pasir Gudang, Aras 2 Menara Aqabah, Jalan Bandar, 81700 Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia;5. Wildlife Veterinary Section, Ex-Situ Conservation Division, Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP), Peninsular Malaysia, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The kinetics of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus neutralization (VN) by hyperimmune serum followed first order kinetics at low dilutions (1:8 and 1:16) of hyperimmune bovine serum. A lag phase in the VN curve occurred when the serum was further diluted. Addition of rabbit anti-bovine IgG, but not anti-IgM, significantly increased the degree of VN after BVD virus was reacted with further diluted (1:256 dilution) anti-BVD bovine hyperimmune serum. Incubation of virus-hyperimmune serum (1:64 dilution) at 4 degrees C for 0 to 60 min, followed by incubation at 37 degrees C indicated VN occurred as a two-stage process: a binding (temperature-independent) phase that was followed by a triggering (temperature-dependent) phase. The data favor the thesis that neutralization of BVD virus occurs by a multi-hit mechanism and requires combination of at least two molecules of antibody with each virus. |
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