基于MatlabSimulink动力学分析的荞麦脱粒装置设计与试验

针对荞麦脱粒损失率和破碎率高的问题，采用伸缩杆齿与纹杆混合式荞麦脱粒装置和弹性可调节凹板组合的方式，设计了一种荞麦脱粒装置，分析了关键部件结构与参数设计。运用Matlab/Simulink软件建立脱粒装置关键部件动力学分析，结果表明，在机构无负载工作时，脱粒装置运行平稳，滚筒阻力最大消耗功率为0.53 kW，维持滚筒匀速旋转扭矩所消耗功率为3.11 kW，总体上动力消耗较小。利用Design-expert软件，以滚筒转速、脱粒间隙为试验因素，损失率与破碎率为评价指标进行2因素5水平二次回归正交旋转组合试验，并对试验结果进行参数优化，试验表明，在荞麦籽粒含水率为17.5%～23.2%，秸秆含水率为70.0%～74.9%条件下，最佳试验组合为喂入量每组2 kg、滚筒转速457.161 r/min、脱粒间隙为12.6815 mm，其损失率为0.337%、破碎率为0.236%，试验结果符合设计要求。 

Design and experiment of buckwheat threshing device based on Matlab/Simulink dynamics analysis

Aiming at the problems of high threshing loss and crushing rate of buckwheat, a buckwheat threshing device was designed by using the combination of telescopic rod toothed rod mixed buckwheat threshing device and elastic adjustable concave plate. The structure and parameters of key components were designed.Matlab/Simulink software was used to establish the dynamics analysis of the threshing device''s key components. The analysis results show that the threshing device runs smoothly when the mechanism is working, the maximum power consumption of drum resistance is 0.53KW, and the power consumption of torque to maintain uniform rotation of the drum is 3.11kW, and the overall power consumption is small.Using Design-Expert software, the two-factor and five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combined experiment Design was carried out with drum speed and threshing gap as experimental factors and deloss rate and breakage rate as evaluation indexes, and the parameters of the test results were optimized. The results showed that:Under the conditions of buckwheat grain moisture content of 17.5%-23.2% and straw moisture content of 70%-74.9%, when the feeding amount is 2kg per group, drum speed is 457.161r/min, threshing gap is 12.6815mm, it is the best experimental combination, and its dewatering rate is 0.337% and crushing rate is 0.236%.The test results meet the design requirements.