用沙培空心菜繁殖根结线虫效果的研究

【目的】建立操作简便、高效繁殖和长期保存根结线虫的方法。【方法】通过沙培方法，于空心菜(Ipomoea aquatica)、马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）和番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum）移植30 d时接种南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）2龄幼虫1 000 条/株，同时用10盆空心菜接种爪哇根结线虫（M.javanica）和花生根结线虫（M.arenaria），测定在沙培浇灌营养液条件下,3种供试植物的根系生长以及接种繁殖根结线虫的情况。【结果】3种植物在盆钵中沙培30 d后，根系生长量最大的是马铃薯，其次是空心菜，番茄最小；空心菜根系的生长期最长，达10个月。3种植物接种南方根结线虫50 d后，在空心菜根系上形成的根结数、卵囊数和线虫总数分别为866.8，864.4和1 592.2，显著大于在马铃薯和番茄根系上形成的根结数（651.6和222.6）、卵囊数（643.4和234.0）和线虫总数（1 106.0和373.8）。爪哇根结线虫和花生根结线虫在沙培空心菜根系上接种后也能很好地繁殖。【结论】空心菜适应性强，在沙培浇灌营养液条件下生长周期长、易管理，适用于大量繁殖和长期保存根结线虫。

Study on reproduction of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. inoculated to Ipomoea aquatica cultivated in sand

【Objective】The study was done in order to establish a method for convenient,economical and mass reproduction of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp..【Method】Assays were designed and carried out to evaluate root growth indices of Ipomoea aquatica,Solanum tuberosum and Lycopersicon esculentum inoculated with or without root-knot nematodes in sand planting.【Result】The results showed that after planting the three plants in sand for 30 days,root system of S.tuberosum was the strongest,followed by the I.aquatica and that of L.esculentum was the weakest.The root system of I.aquatica had the longest period,10 months.Inoculating 1 000 juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita each plant and letting the plants grow for another 50 days,the number of the root knobs,egg masses and total nematodes in root system of I.aquatica was 866.8,864.4 and 1 592.2 respectively,much higher than those from S.tuberosum(651.6,643.4 and 1 106.0) and L.esculentum(222.6,234.0 and 373.8).In addition,M.javanica and M.arenaria were also inoculated to I.aquatica roots,and the results were similar with M.incognita.【Conclusion】I.aquatica was very adapted to sand watering with nutrient fluid,and had a longer growth cycle and was easy to be controlled,so I.aquatica was a good choice to reproduce in quantity and could preserve root-knot nematodes for longer time.