日光温室后墙张挂不同材料对室内乳瓜生长特性及品质的影响

目的]研究日光温室后墙张挂不同材料对温室内乳瓜(Carica papaya)生长状况及品质的影响,为其高产优质栽培提供参考。方法]温室后墙张挂黑膜及反光幕,以空白墙为对照,随机分布,3次重复。结果]在乳瓜不同的生长期,反光幕、黑膜、空白裸墙处理间植株的株高、底部茎粗、叶绿素含量、叶片动态等均显示反光幕及黑膜处理下植株生长好,但各处理之间总体差异不显著;在植株节间长上,张挂黑膜极显著高于反光幕及空白裸墙处理,反光幕与空白裸墙之间差异不显著。无论在温室的哪个区域,反光幕对应的乳瓜单果重总是明显高于黑膜和空白裸墙,反光幕及黑膜的张挂增加了乳瓜果实的纵横径。在温室后墙张挂反光幕及黑膜后,提高了乳瓜果实可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、酸含量及维生素C含量,尤其在总糖及维生素C含量上最显著:张挂黑膜对应果实总糖含量极显著高于张挂反光幕,张挂反光幕又极显著高于空白裸墙;张挂黑膜对应的维生素C含量显著高于张挂反光幕及空白裸墙,反光幕与空白裸墙之间差异不显著。结论]在后墙张挂反光幕以及黑膜,对植株生长指标影响不显著,在果实品质上极显著。张挂黑膜能增加室内温度,反光幕能增强室内光照,都能使此区域果实品质明显优于空白裸墙区域,这为生产上提高乳瓜品质特性提供了参考。

Effects of Hanging Different Materials on the Back Wall of Sunlight Greenhouse on Growth Characteristics and Quality of Gherkins(Carica papaya)

Objective] In order to study the effects of hanging different materials on the back wall on growth characteristics and quality of gherkins,and provide a reference for its high yield and good quality cultivation.Method] This experiment designed two treatments of hanging black film and reflective screen on the black wall in the greenhouse,and took blank wall as control.Two treatments and control were arranged randomly with 3 repeated.Result] At different growth stages,plant height,stem diameter at bottom,chlorophyll content,leaves’ dynamic state of hanging reflective screen and black film treatments were better than those of control,but their overall difference was not significant.Plant height of hanging black film treatment was very significantly higher than that of hanging reflective screen treatment and control,but there was no significant difference between hanging reflective screen and control.No matter which area in the greenhouse,single melon weight of hanging reflective screen treatment was always significantly higher than that of hanging black film treatment and control,and hanging reflective screen and black film increased vertical and lateral diameter of fruits.After hanging reflective screen and black film,soluble solids content,total sugar content,total acid content and vitamin C content of gherkins fruit increased,especially total sugar content and vitamin C content.Thereinto,total sugar content of hanging black film was very significantly higher than that of hanging reflective screen,and hanging reflective screen was very significantly higher than that of control.Vitamin C content of hanging black film treatment was very significantly higher than that of hanging reflective screen treatment and control,but there was no significant difference between hanging reflective screen and control.Conclusion] Hanging reflective screen and black film has no significant effects on growth indices of gherkins,but has significant influences on its quality.Hanging black film increases indoor temperature,reflective screen increases indoor light,so the fruit quality in the area is better than the blank wall,so it provides a reference for improving quality of gherkins.