二苯醚类除草剂降解菌Bacillus sp. Za微生物制剂的研发与初步应用

以二苯醚类除草剂高效降解菌株Bacillus sp. Za为材料制备微生物制剂，优化液体制剂保护剂的物质配比，筛选固体制剂的最适材料，对固体制剂进行初步应用并评价其降解效果。研究结果表明：（1）液体制剂保护剂（0.20%柠檬酸钠、0.20%羧甲基纤维素、0.30% KCl）可使活菌数提高35.71%，保存30 d的液体制剂对50 mg/L乳氟禾草灵的降解率为83.50%。（2）筛选得到猪粪有机肥作为固体制剂的最适材料，保存60 d时固体制剂活菌数为8.26×108 cfu/g，对土壤中10 mg/kg乳氟禾草灵的降解率为85.52%。（3）添加固体制剂可有效缓解乳氟禾草灵残留对玉米所产生的药害。

Development and Preliminary Application of Microbial Preparation of Diphenyl Ether Herbicede Degrading Strain Bacillus sp. Za

Bacillus sp. Za, a biodegradable strain with diphenyl ether herbicide, was used as the material to prepare microbial preparation. The material ratio of liquid protective agent was optimized, and the most suitable material for solid preparation was screened. The results showed that: (1) The protective agent of liquid preparation (0.20% sodium citrate, 0.20% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.30% KCl) could increase the number of viable bacteria by 35.71%, and the degradation rate of 50 mg/L lactoflurin in liquid preparation stored for 30 days was 83.50%. (2) The optimum material for solid preparation of pig manure organic fertilizer was obtained. After 60 days of storage, the viable bacteria count of solid preparation was 8.26×108 cfu/g, and the degradation rate of 10 mg/kg lactoflorin in soil was 85.52%. (3) Adding solid preparation can effectively alleviate the drug damage caused by the residue of lactiflorin on maize.