不同供铁方式防治苹果粗皮病效果的研究

苹果粗皮病(Internal Bark Necrosis,简称IBN)是近年来在我国的胶东半岛和辽东半岛等地发生的生理病害。许多研究表明,IBN的发生是因为树体吸收过量锰引起,同时伴有缺铁症状出现。为了有效防治IBN的发生,本文以烟台市苹果粗皮病比较严重的果园为供试地点,用TL根系输液、叶绿糠铁肥、根铁1号铁肥土施、BASF(0．3％)和FCU(0．3％)叶面喷施5种供铁方式,试图探讨不同供铁方式对矫正IBN的效果。研究结果表明,所有铁肥处理都可以使苹果叶片铁和叶绿素含量增加,Fe/Mn比值提高,锰含量降低,从而减轻IBN的发生,但不同供铁方式矫正效果不一致。短期内以TL根系输液效果较好,而长时间内以根铁1号球肥土施较为理想。

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IRON FERTILIZER ON APPLE TREE INTERNAL BARK NECROSIS

Internal Bark Necrosis(IBN)of apple tree is a kind of physiological disease,which is developing in Jiaodong and Liaodong peniinsula of China recently.Many researches showed that IBN of apple trees were caused by manganese toxicity,and accompanied with Fe deficiency.In order to control IBN effectively,different iron fertilizers which including TL,Yelukang,Gentie No 1,BASF(0.3%)and FCU(0.3%) were used in apple orchard with heavy IBN in Yantai.The results showed that the iron and chlorophyll content were raised,Fe/Mn ratio was increased,and the manganese content was decreased after different iron fertilizers were used.Therefore,the degree of IBN was decreased,but the control effects were different with various iron fertilizers.Among the 5 iron fertilizers,TL root soaking is the best in short period,and Gentie No 1 is the best In long period.