花生壳可溶性膳食纤维物化及功能特性的研究

目的]比较分析花生壳膳食纤维的提取方法、理化和功能特性。方法]以花生壳为原料,分别采用直接水提法(W)、乳酸菌发酵法(F)和挤压膨化法(E)提取花生壳可溶性膳食纤维(SDF),详细比较它们的各种理化和功能特性。结果]W-SDF、F-SDF和ESDF的溶解性分别为2.07%、3.74%和4.72%,持水力分别为8.63、12.84和15.28 g/g,持油力分别为2.32、3.07和4.17 g/g,膨胀力分别为11.73、13.85和16.23 m L/g,乳化活性分别为408.3、528.4和604.6 m L/L,乳化稳定性分别为428.7、489.3和563.8 m L/L,最小凝胶浓度分别为13.19%、10.24%和8.92%;在肠道环境(p H 7.0)中,对重金属Pb吸附能力分别为178.6、243.6、308.1μmol/g,对As的吸附能力分别为143.5、200.4、276.5μmol/g,对Cu的吸附能力分别为49.3、103.8、169.3μmol/g;在胃环境(p H 2.0)中,W-SDF、FSDF、E-SDF对重金属Pb的吸附能力分别为52.9、106.3、178.5μmol/g,对As的吸附能力分别为60.3、98.4、164.2μmol/g,对Cu的吸附能力分别为32.7、50.2、89.7μmol/g。结论]研究结果可为花生壳膳食纤维的功能改性及综合利用提供理论依据。

Study on Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Peanut Shell

Objective] To study extraction methods,physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF) from peanut shell.Method] With peanut shell as raw material,SDF was extracted from peanut shell by water extraction(W),lactic acid bacteria fermentation (F) and extrusion (E),the physicochemical and functional properties were compared in detail.Result] The result showed that the solubility,water holding capacity,oil holding capacity and swelling force of W-SDF,F-SDF and E-SDF were (2.07％,3.74％ and 4.72％),(8.63,12.84 and15.28 g/g),(2.32,3.07 and 4.17 g/g),(11.73,13.85 and 16.23 mL/g),respectively;The emulsifying property,emulsifying stability and minimum gel concentration were (408.30,528.40 and 604.60 mL/L),(428.70,489.30 and 563.80 mL/L),(13.19％,10.24％ and 8.92％),respectively;The binding capacities for heavy metal ion Pb,As and Cu were (178.6,243.6,308.1 iμmol/g),(143.5,200.4,276.5 μmol/g),(49.3,103.8,169.3 μrnol/g) at pH 7.0 and (52.9,106.3,178.5 μmol/g),(60.3,98.4,164.2 μmol/g),(32.7,50.2,89.7 μmol/g) at pH 2.0,respectively.Conclusion] The research can provide a reference for functional modifications and utilization of dietary fiber from peanut shell.