青神县城市森林结构特征

森林的结构决定功能,功能反映结构。调查青神县城市森林结构现状,分析存在的问题和空间规律,为森林城市的规划和城市森林的建设提供基础资料和参考依据。将青城县城区的绿地分为公园绿地、道路防护绿地和附属绿地三大类。对这三大类绿地内的木本植物进行全部或抽样调查。分析物种组成特征,计算物种多样性、径级结构和冠幅结构等。结果:(1)青神县城市森林的木本植物一共有96种(不含竹林湿地公园),隶属于45科76属。(2)城市森林绿化木本植物中常绿植物明显占优势,常绿植物物种数是落叶物种数的1.88倍。(3)物种多样性水平以附属绿地最高,其次是公园绿地,街道防护绿地最低。(4)从观赏部位来看,以植株造型和观花物种占优势,分别占总物种数的36.73%、29.59%,色叶类物种数占13.27%。(5)乔木物种以胸径10~20 cm、冠幅2~4 m的最多,均占50%以上。青神县城市森林物种多样性还不够丰富,在今后的城市森林建设中,应以乡土乔木树种为主,合理搭配灌、草物种,并增加色叶、观花、观果类植物的种类和数量。

Structural Characteristics of Urban Forest in Qingshen County

Forest function is determined by its structure,and the structure can be reflected by its function.Through investigation of current situation of urban forest structure and analysis of the existing problems and spatial laws,this paper provided basic data and reference basis for the planning and the construction of urban forest in Qingshen county.The green space in Qingcheng county was classified into three categories,that is,park green space,road protection green space and attached green space.Through whole or sampling survey to the woody plants in these three kinds of green space,the characteristics of species composition was analyzed,and the species diversity,diameter class structure and crown structure were calculated.The results showed that:(1)there were 96 species of woody plants(species in the Bamboo Forest Wetland Park were not included)in urban forest of Qingshen county,belonging to 76 genera,45 families.(2)Evergreen species were dominant in urban forest greening woody plants,and the species number of evergreen plants was 1.88 times of deciduous ones.(3)The attached green space possessed the highest species diversity,followed by the park green space,and with the lowest in the street protection green space.(4)By classification of ornamental parts,individual shape and flower species were dominant,accounting for 36.73%and 29.59%of the total species respectively,and color-leafed species occupied 13.27%.(5)The most arbor species were 10?20 cm in DBH and 2?4 m in crown diameter,accounting for more than 50%.The species diversity of urban forest in Qingshen county was not rich enough;thus,in the future urban forest construction,more attention should be paid to configuration of multiple native species,and increasing the species and quantity of color-leafed,flower and fruit plants.