安徽无花果炭疽病病原鉴定及对杀菌剂的敏感性

采集安徽田间典型发病症状的样品,通过组织分离法从无花果病叶和病果上分离获得10个菌株,采用形态学方法和分子生物学方法鉴定并进行致病性测定和柯赫氏法则验证。结果表明,所分离的10个菌株均为胶胞炭疽(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides),其中K7菌株的致病性最强。采用菌丝生长速率法和含毒介质法测定了多菌灵、苯甲·丙环唑、苯甲·嘧菌酯、戊唑醇、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲环唑和咪鲜胺等7种杀菌剂对无花果炭疽病菌K7菌株的抑制作用。其中苯丙甲环唑和咪鲜胺对K7菌株的菌丝生长抑制效果最好,EC50值分别为0.011 2和0.013 0μg/ml。该研究为无花果炭疽病菌的鉴定和高效防治提供了理论依据。

Isolation and Identification of the Pathogen in Fig Anthracnose and Bioactivity of 7 Fungicides Against This Pathogen

Samples with typical symptom were collected from the field in Anhui Province and then 10 strains were isolated from leaf and fruit by tissue separation method.The pathogen of fig anthracnose was identified by morphological and molecular biological methods and the pathogenicity of pathogen was tested by Koch’s law.The results showed that the 10 strains were Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,and the K7 was the most virulent strain.Based on mycelial growth method and the toxic medium method,the inhibitory activity of carbendazim,difenoconazole·propiconazole,difenoconazole·azoxystrobin,tebuconazole,pyraclostrobin,difenoconazole and prochloraz against the fig anthraces K7 strain were determined.Among them,difenoconazole and prochloraz had the most satisfactory activity against the mycelial growth of K7 strain,and the EC50 values were 0.0112μg/ml and0.0130μg/ml,respectively.This study provided a theoretical basis for understanding the pathogen diversity and chemical control of fig anthracnose.