广东小麦的需肥特性

小麦需肥的特性是制订合理施肥的主要依据。华南麦区对小麦需肥特性的研究尚未见诸报道。经我们研究,广东小麦每生产一百斤籽粒吸收NPK的数量中,需N量略高于其他麦区。不同生育期对三要素吸收量则具有从分蘖期到拔节期需N量较高,和灌浆期至成熟期需P量也较多等特点。因此,在施肥实践中应重视苗期追N和后期的增P。根据施N效应期较其他麦区早的特点,追N可在计划促进叶位前一叶龄时进行。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FERTILIZER REQUIREMENTS FOR WHEAT GROWING IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

A good knowledge of the characteristics of the fertilizer requirement forgrowing wheat provides an important basis for drawing a reasonable plan infertilizer application.In the past,however,no publications were found on thecharacteristics of the fertilizer requirements for wheat growing in South Chi-na wheat-growing areas.Our study showed that in the absorbed amounts of the nitrogen, phosphor-us and kalium for yielding 50kg wheat grain,the nitrogen requirement in Qu-angdong Province was a little higher than in other areas of China.The absor-bed amounts of the three major elements at different growing stages werecharacterized as follows: A higher nitrogen requirement was found from till-ering stage to elongating stage,and also a higher phosphorus requirement wasneeded from milk stage to mature stage.In culture practice,it should be payed more attention to the top applica-tion of nitrogen fertilizer at the seedling stage and to the increase of phos-phorus application in the later period of wheat growth. According to the fea-ture which the N effective phase begins earlier in Guangdong Province than inother wheat growing areas in China, the topdressing of nitrogen fertilizershould be carried out when a leaf is growing and the base of the followingleaves begins to differentiate.