玉米种质资源对瘤黑粉病的抗性鉴定与遗传多样性分析

以丹340、Mo17、B73和O201等73份玉米自交系为材料，采用注射法接种黑粉菌，鉴定玉米种质的抗病性，对遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明，接种第10天时发病率为0～54.67%，第20天时发病率为2.67%～85.90%。根据抗性评价标准统计，表现为高抗的有5份材料，表现为中抗的材料有5份，表现为抗病的材料有4份，其余59份表现为感病。供试材料共有216个等位基因变异，每对引物检测出等位基因数2～5个，平均3.13个，多态性信息量变化范围0.2516～0.7808，平均0.5858，说明遗传变异丰富，进化潜能大。73份种质资源的遗传相似系数的变异范围为0.59～0.99，当遗传相似系数为0.54时，将73份玉米种质资源分为6类。筛选出来的5份高抗材料主要集中在第Ⅰ类和第Ⅵ类，通过聚类分析划分到旅大红骨群和PB群。根据这些高抗材料之间的亲缘关系，可以拓宽抗瘤黑粉病种质资源的遗传背景。

Resistance Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maize Germplasm Resources to Ustilago maydis

Seventy-three maize inbred lines such as Dan340, Mo17, B73 and o201 were used as materials. The incidence rate of maize growth to 6 leaves and 1 heart period was inoculated with smut fungus. Genetic diversity and genetic relationship were analyzed. The results showed that the incidence rate was 0% to 54.67% when inoculated at tenth D, and the incidence rate was 2.67% to 85.90% at twentieth D. According to the statistics of resistance evaluation criteria, there were 5 materials with high resistance, 5 materials with medium resistance, 4 materials with disease resistance, and the other 59 materials with disease susceptibility. There were 216 allele variations in the tested materials. The number of alleles detected by each pair of primers was 2-5, with an average of 3.13. The variation range of polymorphism information was 0.251 6-0.780 8, with an average of 0.5858, indicating that there was rich genetic variation and great evolutionary potential. The variation range of genetic similarity coefficient of 73 germplasm resources was 0.59-0.99. When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.54, 73 maize germplasm resources were divided into 6 categories. Five selected high resistance materials are mainly concentrated in class I and class VI, they are divided into Luda red bone group and Pb group by cluster analysis. According to the genetic relationship between these high resistance materials, the genetic background of anti-tumor powdery mildew germplasm resources can be widened.