陕北风沙区羊肚菌不同设施高效栽培模式研究

为了探索出适合陕北风沙区不同设施水平下最优的羊肚菌栽培品种与栽培茬口，开展了日光温室、钢架棉被拱棚、遮阳大棚三种设施下羊肚菌不同播种时间与不同品种的出菇田间试验。结果表明日光温室内适宜秋冬茬、早春茬和冬春茬，以冬春茬七妹羊肚菌产量为佳；钢架棉被拱棚内早春茬和越冬茬均适宜，以七妹羊肚菌越冬茬产量最高；遮阳大棚内适宜越冬茬，而不适宜早春茬，越冬茬以六妹和七妹羊肚菌为宜。总之，陕北风沙区羊肚菌种植应结合现有的设施条件，选择有利的栽培茬口和适宜品种，相对而言，三种设施条件下以越冬茬模式为佳，以七妹羊肚菌为适宜栽培品种。

Optimal Morchella Cultivation Mode with Different Facilities in Northern Shaanxi

This study aimed to investigate the optimal morel cultivars and cultivation time suitable under different facilities in the sandstorm area of northern Shaanxi.A field experiment was conducted for Morchella at different sowing time and varieties under the three facilities,namely ( solar greenhouse, steel frame arch shed with cotton quilt coverage , and sunshade greenhouse).The results showed that the periods of fall winter, early spring and winter spring were suitable for morel cultivation in the solar greenhouse,with highest yield of Morchella septimelata in the period of the winter spring. Both the periods of early spring and overwinter in the steel frame shed with cotton quilt coverage were suitable for morel cultivation, with the highest yield of Morchella septimelata in the period of overwinter. The shade greenhouse was suitable for morel cultivation in the period of overwinter instead of early spring. Morchella septimelata and Morchella sextelata were suitable to be cultivated in the period of overwinter.In conclusion, the cultivation of Morchella in the sandstorm area of northern Shaanxi should be combined with the existing facility conditions, and the favorable period of morel cultivation, the suitable varieties should be selected.The period of overwinter is the best under the three facility conditions, and the Morchella septimelata is the suitable cultivar.