超甜玉米"粤甜13号"早春地膜覆盖栽培研究

粤甜13号品种优质、耐寒、耐密植,适合广东省早春种植,但缺乏相配套的栽培技术,影响了品种特性的发挥。试验于2006年1月7日在广州市钟落潭镇的广东省农业科学院白云基地进行,试验设盖膜与不盖膜2个处理,3600株/667m2、4000株/667m2、4800株/667m2、5600株/667m2等4个栽培密度,3次重复,随机区组设计,就栽培密度和地膜覆盖两个因素对粤甜13号鲜果穗产量、商品性等的影响进行了分析,结果显示:随着栽培密度增加,鲜果穗产量也显著增加;地膜覆盖栽培能使生育期缩短10d,当栽培密度提高到5600株/667m2时,鲜果穗的商品性仍然维持在很高的水平;非地膜栽培时,穗长和穗粗比盖地膜栽培要高,但随着密度的增加秃顶长明显变长,当密度增加到4800株/667m2时,秃顶长达到2.27cm,严重影响商品外观,因此,在生产上非地膜覆盖栽培的密度应低于4800株/667m2。该研究结果充分显示了粤甜13号耐密植性和适合早春种植特性;同时表明,早春地膜覆盖栽培除了缩短生育期,使产品提早上市以外,还通过增加种植的密度增加产量,使种植的经济效益显著提高。

Polythene mulching Growing technique research of The super sweet corn "Yue Tian 13" in early spring

Yuetian 13, a new supper sweet corn variety with high quality, cold and high density resistant, could be planted in early spring in Guangzhou city, but needed appropriated growing techniques. The experiment is implemented in the Baiyun experiment farmer of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences at January 7,2006. designed as random black, 3 repeats, with polythene mulching or not 2 treats and with 3600 plant /667m2, 4000 plant/667m2, 4800 plant /667m2 and 5600 pant/667m2 densities, The results showed that the harvest time could shorted 10 days and the commodity of fresh ears still keeping well at the 5600 pant/667m2 density when planted with Polythene mulching. At the non-mulching conditions, the ear length and ear diameter are higher than the polythene mulching condition at the same density, but the bare top become longer when the plant density increased, and the commodity of fresh ears were not good when density increased to 4800 plant/667m2, so the density should controlled in 4800 plant/667m2 density at non mulching in early spring. It was also concluded that "Yue Tian 13" is fit to plant at early spring in Guangzhou city, and with the high density resistance character, and Polythene mulching could bring forward to the harvest time in early spring and increase the yield notability through increasing the plant density.