鼠害抑制对三江源区轻度退化高寒草甸植被特征的影响

为研究鼠害抑制对三江源区轻度退化高寒草甸植被的影响,于2019年3月18日—22日在青海省果洛藏族自治州玛沁县大武镇的典型高寒草甸上开展人工鼠害抑制试验,未抑制区作为对照。结果表明,鼠害抑制试验区莎草科和禾本科的重要值分别较对照显著增加,阔叶型可食草和毒害草的重要值分别较对照显著降低。鼠害抑制试验区草地群落的总盖度较对照降低了13.7%,差异显著(P=0.003)。鼠害抑制提高了莎草科、禾本科和毒害草的株高,差异显著(P<0.05)。鼠害抑制试验区草地群落的地上总生物量降低了2.6%,由123.6g·m^-2降至120.4 g·m^-2,但差异不显著(P=0.740)。鼠害抑制试验区莎草科、禾本科和毒害草的地上生物量分别较对照增加,差异显著(P<0.05),而阔叶型可食草的地上生物量较对照降低了65.1%,由63.0g·m^-2降至22.0 g·m^-2,差异显著(P=0.000)。由此可见,鼠害抑制可以改善三江源区高寒草甸优质牧草的状况,促进高寒草甸植被恢复。

Effects of Rodent Damage in Early Prevention on Vegetation Characteristics of Alpine Meadow in the Three-river Source Region

In order to understand the impacts of rodent damage prevention on Alpine meadow vegetation in the Three-river source region,a rodent damage prevention experiment was conducted in the late March in Dawu Town,Maqin County.The results showed that the important values of Cyperaceae and Gramineae in the rodent damage prevention experimental area were significantly higher than those of the control,while the important values of broadleaf forages and forbs grasses were significantly lower than those of the control.Comparing to control group,the total coverage of grassland communities decreased from 75.3%to 65.0%,which is 13.7%lower than the control(P=0.003).Rodent damage prevention increased the plant height of Gramineae,Cyperaceae and forbs.The total above-ground biomass(AGB)of the grassland community in the rodent damage prevention experimental area decreased.It has been reduced from 123.6 g·m^-2 to 120.4 g·m^-2,which is 2.6%lower than the control(P=0.740).Among them,the AGB of Gramineae,Cyperaceae and forbs increased,while the AGBof broadleaf forages grasses decreased.It has been decreased from 63.0 g·m^-2 to 22.0 g·m^-2,which was 65.1%lower than the control(P=0.000).Rodent damage preventioncan promote the restoration of above-ground vegetation of fine forage in alpine meadows in the three-river source region.