半蒴苣苔的叶片组织培养及植株再生

为了建立半蒴苣苔Hemiboea subcapitata的组培快繁技术体系,保护和开发利用半蒴苣苔这一民间植物药资源,以MS(Murashige and Skoog)为基本培养基,研究植物生长调节物质6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和萘乙酸(NAA)组合对叶片愈合组织诱导、不定芽分化,增殖和壮苗生根的影响,筛选出适合半蒴苣苔快繁的最适培养基。结果表明:叶片诱导愈合组织困难,但在叶片基部或切口处可直接诱导分化出不定芽,且随着6-BA和NAA质量浓度的升高,芽的分化率先上升后降低,以MS+0.5 mg·L-16-BA+1.0 mg·L-1NAA+1.5 g·L-1活性炭(AC)分化率最高,达到67.8%;但平均每外植体诱导芽数以MS+1.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1NAA+1.5 g·L-1AC最多,达到6.69个;不定芽增殖以MS+0.5 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1NAA处理增殖倍数最高,达到23.43;在添加不同质量浓度吲哚丁酸(IBA)的培养基中生根率均超过90%。图1表3参15

Plantlet regeneration of Hemiboea subcapitata with subculturing

For protection and exploitation of the medicinal plant Hemiboea subcapitata，a rapid propagation system was established through tissue culture for large-scale seedling. Murashige and Skoog （MS） media with different combinations of plant growth regulator［6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA），α-naphthalene acetic acid （NAA） and indole-3-butyric acid （IBA）］ ratios was used to optimize the tissue culture of H. subcapitata， including callus induction, shoot proliferation, and rooting. Results showed that callus induction was difficult， but adventitious shoots could be differentiated directly from leaf explants subcultured in different combinations of growth regulators. The best medium for adventitious bud differentiation was MS + 0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA + 1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA + 1.5 g·L^-1 AC with the bud induction frequency of 67.78%, the average number for each leaf explant was 3.90 buds, and the highest was 6.69 buds. The best medium for subculture proliferation was MS + 0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA with a proliferation of 23.43 times. For all treatments and with different concentrations of IBA, the rooting ratio was more than 90%. This tissue culture technique and rapid propagation system of H. subcapitata could be used for large-scale seedling propagation in a short time and for technical guidance in large-scale production. ［Ch，1 fig. 3 tab. 15 ref.］