脱硫石膏改良盐碱土对水稻质膜和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

以水稻品种越光(盐敏感)和Bertone(耐盐)为试材,设置了正常稻田土、典型盐碱土和改良盐碱土3个处理,分别在水稻插秧后1、4、7、14 d取样测定水稻叶片伤害百分率、丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数等,以分析改良盐碱土处理的效果。结果表明,随着处理时间的延长,与正常稻田土相比,典型盐碱土和改良盐碱土处理的水稻叶片伤害百分率、丙二醛含量均极显著增加,叶绿素a、b及总叶绿素含量以及Fm、Fv/Fm、ETR等叶绿素荧光参数均明显降低;与典型盐碱土处理相比,在改良盐碱土条件下,2个水稻品种的叶片伤害百分率、丙二醛含量总体均极显著降低,叶绿素a、b及总叶绿素含量以及Fm、Fv/Fm等叶绿素荧光参数总体均明显升高,并表现出不同的变化规律,其中Bertone的盐害症状较轻。表明,施用适量的脱硫石膏、改良剂和有机肥,辅以灌排水措施可以有效缓解盐碱土对水稻幼苗的伤害,尤其对耐盐水稻品种效果更佳。

Effects of Improved Saline-alkali Soil by Desulfurized Gypsum on Plasma Membrane and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Rice

In this study,a salt-sensitive rice variety Koshihikari and a salt-tolerant variety Bertone were used as material,three treatments were designed as normal paddy soil,typical saline-alkali soil,modified saline-alkali soil,and rice samples were sampled at 1,4,7,14 days after transplanting to measure rice leaf damage percentage,leaf MDA content,leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, so as to analyze the improvement effects of modified saline-alkali soil. The results showed that as time went by compared with normal paddy soil,the leaf damage percentage and MDA content significantly in-creased, while chlorophyll a,b contents,total chlorophyll content and Fm,Fv/Fm,ETR were significantly reduced in typical saline-alkali soil and modified saline-alkali soil. Compared with typical saline-alkali soil,the leaf damage percentage and MDA content significantly decreased,and chlorophyll a,b contents, total chlorophyll content and Fm,Fv / Fm of these two rice varieties were significantly increased in modi-fied saline-alkali soil, and showed different variation, the salt injury symptom of Bertone was minor. In conclusion, the moderate application of desulfurization gypsum, modifier and organic fertilizer could effectivelyalleviate the harm of saline-alkali soil on rice seedlings,especially for salt-tolerant rice varieties.