The lack of genetic differentiation of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) populations in the Upper-Paraguay Basin revealed by the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region: Implications for fishery management |
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| Authors: | Fabiana Iervolino Emiko Kawakami de Resende Alexandre Wagner Silva Hilsdorf |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genética de Organismos Aquáticos e Aquicultura, Caixa Postal 411, 08701-970 Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil;2. EMBRAPA Pantanal, Caixa Postal 109, 79320-900 Corumbá, MS, Brazil;1. ICAR – Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Fishery Resource and Environmental Management (FREM) Division, Biochemistry Laboratory, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India;2. School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India;3. Present address: Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar 751022, Odisha, India;1. Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Instituto de Pesca, Av. Bartolomeu de Gusmão, 192, Santos 11030-906, SP, Brazil;2. University of Mogi das Cruzes, Unit of Biotechnology, PO Box 411, Mogi das Cruzes 08701-970, SP, Brazil;1. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Departamento de Farmácia e Laboratório Clínico do Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;1. Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália Km08, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96201-900, Brazil;2. Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná – Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81531-900, Brazil;3. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil;1. East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;2. College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China |
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| Abstract: | Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is an important fish species for professional and sport fisheries in the Alto-Paraguay Basin, located in the central western Brazil. In this study the D-loop control region of mtDNA sequence data was used to investigate genetic variability within and among populations of pacu. A total of 99 individuals were collected in the Paraguay River and in four other main tributaries. From these, 27 different haplotypes were observed. The overall nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity were high in all sampling sites with 0.013 ± 0.001 and 0.840 ± 0.035, respectively. Hierarchical AMOVA analysis showed that pacu populations form a single panmictic population with low ΦST = ?0.0012 (p = 0.486) and high gene flow among rivers. Despite high genetic variability, the total capture officially landed in the Upper-Paraguay River Basin has been decreasing steadily during the last years with indications of overexploitation. Taking into account the heterogeneity of habitats, continuous anthropogenic disturbances and lack of genetic structure, it appears that fish from these sampling sites function as a metapopulation, a framework that may be applied to long term fishery management of pacu in the Panatanal. |
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