Risk factors associated with Neospora caninum seropositivity in randomly sampled Canadian dairy cows and herds |
| |
| Authors: | J.A. VanLeeuwen J.P. Haddad I.R. Dohoo G.P. Keefe A. Tiwari H.M. Scott |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3;2. Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-4801, USA;1. Division of Vascular Surgery & Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;2. Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;1. Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada;2. The Animal Health Center, BC Ministry of Agriculture, 1767 Angus Campbell Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3, Canada;3. Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada;4. Greenbelt Veterinary Services Ltd., 8451 Harvard Place, Chilliwack, British Columbia V2P 7Z5, Canada;5. Molecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand;2. Faculty of Natural Resource and Agro-Industry, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Kasetsart University, Thailand;3. Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Services, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand;4. Animal Health Laboratories, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, Western Australia 6151, Australia;5. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;6. University of Missouri, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, 201 Connaway Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;1. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina;2. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Balcarce, Argentina;3. School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, SA 5371 South Australia, Australia;4. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620 Balcarce, Argentina;5. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina;2. Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616;3. Cooperative Extension, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Orland, 95963;4. Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506;6. Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China;2. National and Provincial Union Engineering Research Center for the Veterinary Herbal medicine resources and initiative, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China;3. Hunan Agricultural University Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Liuyang 410311, China;4. Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China;5. Lanzhou Institute of Animal Sciences and Pharmaceutics of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China |
| |
| Abstract: | ![]()
Our objective was to determine cow- and herd-level risk factors associated with seropositivity for Neospora caninum in a large number of randomly selected Canadian dairy herds, controlling for important confounding variables and co-infections with bovine leukemia virus (BLV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Serum samples were obtained from 30 randomly selected cows, where available, in 240 herds using monthly milk testing, within 6 of 10 provinces, and these samples were tested for antibodies against BLV, MAP and N. caninum using commercially available ELISA test kits. Five unvaccinated cattle >6 months old from each herd were tested for antibodies to BVDV using virus neutralization. Most herd-level predictors were obtained through personal interviews with questionnaires administrated to each farm manager. A mixed logistic-regression model was built using N. caninum serostatus at the cow-level as the outcome variable, with herd as a random effect and province as a fixed effect. A BLV seropositive cow was 1.50 times more likely to be seropositive for N. caninum than a BLV-seronegative cow, and this was the only cow-level variable to remain in the final model. Regarding herd-level variables, with “no on-farm dogs” as the baseline, “presence of dogs but not known to eat placentas and/or fetuses” increased the odds of seropositivity for N. caninum by a factor of 1.66. For “presence of dogs known to eat placentas and/or fetuses”, the odds ratio (OR) was 2.75, demonstrating a dose–response relationship. “Using embryo transfer” (OR = 0.69), “asking for a BVDV-negative test before introducing an animal” (OR = 0.30), “using monensin in dry cows” (OR = 0.71), and “heifers having nose-to-nose contact with calves” (OR = 0.73) were all dichotomous variables negatively associated with seropositivity for N. caninum. “Number of milk cows on the farm” (OR = 0.99), and “area (acres) used for forage production” (OR = 0.99) were continuous variables negatively associated with N. caninum seropositivity. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
