华南地区桉树可持续遗传改良与育种策略

从华南地区发展桉树工业纤维用材林对高产、优质、抗逆新品种需求的迫切性出发，分析了桉树引种成功之后遗传改良现状和存在问题，提出要实现华南桉树人工林可持续经营，必须建立和完善桉树长期可持续遗传改良体系，坚持以多世代群体遗传改良为基础，种间杂交无性转化利用为突破，加快育种增益转化为生产力的育种思路；强调新世纪桉树育种要重视常规育种与分子遗传研究相衔接，通过群体、个体、细胞和分子多层次多育种方式的相互交叉，充分利用各层次的遗传变异，提高育种效率。

Some Sustainable Strategies of Improvement and Breeding for Eucalyptus Tree Species in Southern China

Depend upon the large amount demand for new varieties with high quality, productive, resistant and stability of eucalyptus for developing industrial pulpwood and timber plantation in southern China, some existing problems and issues relating to improvement and breeding of eucalyptus are discussed. It is important that the success of sustainable management of eucalyptus plantation depends on a powerful genetic improvement system for long term breeding, and which is hold on implement population genetic improvement for many generations and enhance the studies on interspecific hybridization within the promising species and developing promising hybrid clones in large scale. Emphasis will be put on the utilization of biotechnology by means of gene engineering for future marker assisted selection using in traditional breeding of eucalyptus. It is also important that increasing efficiency of improvement and breeding should be considered genetic variations among provenances, families, single trees, and even cells and molecules in future.