外来植物有害生物入侵及其对策

分析了外来植物有害生物传入我国蔓延危害的主要特点、发展态势及潜在风险.我国防范外来植物有害生物入侵,主要存在管理体制、法规制度、检疫手段和技术、人员素质和资金投入等诸方面问题.加强植物检疫职能、整合检疫管理力量、构建快速反应机制、确保安全服务贸易等是有效防范外来生物入侵的重要组织步骤;完善植物检疫立法和管理体制、重视技术标准研制和采用国际标准惯例、加快有害生物风险分析和重新确定检疫性有害生物名录、改进植物检疫检验手段和技术、加强非疫区和非疫生产基地建设、设立植物检疫专项基金、加强国际合作与交流等尤为迫切.

Strategies to counter the invasion of exotic and harmful plant pests

This paper analyzes the main characteristics of the invasion of exotic and detrimental plant pests in China as well as their regularity of outbreak and potential risk.At present the major problems in preventing the invasion of exotic plant pests in China exist with the management system,laws and regulation,quarantine and inspection means and techniques,personnel quality and financial investment.To strengthen the functions of plant quarantine,integrate quarantine management,establish fast response systems and ensure safe trade have been recognized as important organizational steps.It is urgent to perfect the quarantine legislation and manage- ment,innovate technical standards and adopt International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures(ISPMs), accelerate pest risk analysis and revise the list of quarantine pests,improve the quarantine and inspection means and techniques,construct pest free areas and pest free bases of production,establish specific founda- tion for plant quarantine and promote international cooperation and exchange.