昭通黄牛遗传资源调查报告

目的]为全面掌握昭通黄牛资源状况,做好该品种的保护和开发利用工作.方法]调查按国家畜禽遗传资源管理委员会<畜禽遗传资源调查技术手册>技术规范执行,采用普查,实地走访、观察、抽样测定,查阅相关文献资料等方式,了解产区概况、品种来源与发展方向、外貌特征、体尺体重、生产性能、饲养方式、繁殖性能等,并进行综合评定.结果]昭通黄牛具有体质健壮、肉质良好、抗旱耐湿、耐粗抗病、性情温顺、适应性强、行动敏捷、产肉性能好、皮板质量优良等特点,但自20世纪80年代以来,随着外引牛冻精开展肉用杂交面的扩大,纯种数量逐年减少,产区各地都在强行对昭通黄牛公牛实行阉割,致使该品种正以地区级的规模被取代.结论]昭通黄牛属于南方黄牛,是云南黄牛的三个地方类群之一,屠宰率和净肉率高于本省的其他品种牛,其具有较高的遗传变异和丰富的遗传多样性,同时与瘤牛发源息息相关,有特殊的起源地位,选育、保种工作亟待重视和加强.

Report on the Genetic Resource Investigation of Zhaotong Yellow Cattle

To understand the present situation of yellow cattle resources in Zhaotong county of Yunnan province and strength preservation and exploration of these breeds,yellow cattle resources in Zhaotong were surveyed through general investigation,visiting investigation,observation,sampling investigation and record browsing,etc.General situation of production areas,origination and development direction,appearance characters,body sizes and body weight,production performance,feeding regiments and reproduction,etc.were...