甘肃省红粘土营养诊断与玉米平衡施肥研究

温室盆栽与田间试验研究甘肃省临夏积石山红粘土营养状况。结果表明,盆栽红粘土缺N、P、K、S、Cu、Mn和Zn,未表现缺Mo;Fe和B元素充足。减N、P、K、S、Cu、Mn和Zn处理的作物相对产量分别为53.2%、39.5%、89.4%、84.4%、82.5%、83.5%和95.2%。土壤养分亏缺顺序为P>N>Cu>Mn>S>K>Zn;N、P和Zn肥为大田该红粘土主要限制因子,其次为S、Cu和K,土壤中不缺Mo,OPT中氮量适中。与OPT相比,减N、P、Zn和Cu玉米分别减产52.0%、21.2%、22.3%和17.3%,增加N用量产量降低8.4%。推荐施肥配方为N210kg/hm2、P2O5120kg/hm2、K2O60kg/hm2、S90kg/hm2、Cu3.75kg/hm2和Zn1.5kg/hm2。

Study on Nutrition Diagnosis and Balancing Fertilizer in Red Clay of Gansu Province

In this paper, with the pot experiment and field experiment, the nutrients status of red clay at Jishishan county in gansu province was studied. The results showed that N, P, K, S, Cu, Mn and Zn were deficient, Mo was not dificient, Fe and B were sufficient in red clay. The relative yields of sorghum from the soils non applied with N, P, K, S, Cu, Mn and Zn were 53.2 %, 39.5%, 89.4%, 84.4%, 82.5%, 83.5% and 95.2% respectively. The nutrient deficit order was P>N>Cu>Mn>S>K>Zn. In field experiment, the main limiting factors nutrients were N, P and Zn fertilizers, secondly were S, Cu and K, the soil had enough amount Mo, OPT were suitable of N. Based on the treatment of OPT. Non application of N, P, Zn and Cu fertilizers could reduce the yield of maize prominently and the decreasing amplitudes were 52.0%, 21.2%, 22.3% and 17.3% respectively. While increasd the N application, the yield will be decreased and the decreasing amplitude was 8.4%. The recommendatory fertilizer dosage of red clay were N 210 kg/ha, P2O5120 kg/ha, K2O 60 kg/ha, S 90 kg/ha, Cu 3.75 kg/ha and Zn 1.5 kg/ha respectively.