小麦抽穗期和开花期性状的全基因组关联分析

为揭示控制小麦抽穗期和开花期性状的遗传位点,利用均匀分布在21条染色体上的106对SSR标记,对205份小麦品种构成的自然群体进行关联分析。结果表明,在106对SSR标记中共检测到879个等位变异,主要等位变异频率的变化范围为0.175~0.986,平均为0.548;多态性信息指数的变化范围为0.028~0.900,平均为0.557。采用混合线性模型共检测到7个与抽穗期和开花期显著关联（P<0.01）的位点,其中1个存在极显著关联（P<0.001）。另外,Xgwm182（5D）在灌溉条件下与抽穗期显著关联,Xbarc42（3D）在雨养条件下分别与抽穗期和开花期显著关联,这两个位点与前人的研究结果一致。Xgwm102（2D）在灌溉条件下与开花期显著关联,而Xgwm124（1B）在雨养条件下与抽穗期显著关联。Xgwm130（7A）在雨养和灌溉条件下均与抽穗期相关联。研究结果为小麦抽穗期和开花期性状的分子标记辅助选择育种提供了信息。

Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Wheat at Heading and Flowering Stages

In order to reveal the genetic loci controlling the heading and flowering date of wheat, 106 pairs of SSR markers, evenly distributed on 21 chromosomes, and a natural population consisted of 205 accessions, were used to perform genome-wide association analysis. The results showed that 879 allelic variations were detected in 106 pairs of SSR markers. The main allelic variation frequency ranged from 0.175 to 0.986 with an average of 0.548. The polymorphism information index ranged from 0.028-0.900 with an average of 0.557. A mixed linear model was used to detect seven loci associated with significant heading and flowering date (P<0.01), one of which were extremely significant (P<0.001). In addition, Xgwm182(5D) was significantly associated with heading date under irrigation conditions. Xbarc42(3D) was significantly associated with heading and flowering date under rainfed conditions, respectively. These two sites were consistent with previous studies. Xgwm102(2D) was significantly associated with flowering date under irrigation conditions, while Xgwm124(1B) was significantly associated with heading date under rainfed conditions. Xgwm130(7A) was associated with heading date under rainfed and irrigation conditions. The above results provide information for molecular marker-assisted selection breeding of heading and flowering date in wheat.