菌渣还田对菜地土壤理化性状、微生物及酶活性的影响研究

为了研究菌渣还田对土壤质量改善的效果和机制,为菌渣还田在农业生产上推广利用提供依据。本研究采用双孢蘑菇采收后菌渣直接还田,设计还田量为0(对照)、TMR(三分之一还田)、SMR(二分之一)还田和AMR(全部还田)4个处理,菌渣还田并种植两季茄子后测定土壤理化性状、微生物及酶活性的变化。结果表明：菌渣还田对土壤各个指标影响都较为明显。1)菌渣还田改善土壤容重、提高土壤pH,减轻土壤连作障碍；2)与对照相比,菌渣还田显著提高土壤有机质、氮、磷、钾含量,但是对土壤铵态氮含量则有显著降低作用3)菌渣还田能够增加土壤微生物群落的规模及土壤酶活性,从根本上有利于土壤质量的改善,同时还增强了土壤潜在的抑病能力。

Fungi Residue Returning: Effects on Soil Physicochemical Characters, Microorganisms and Enzyme Activity in Vegetable Field

The paper aims to study the effect of fungi residue returning on soil quality improvement and clarify its mechanism, thus to provide a basis for the popularization and utilization of fungi residue returning in agricultural production. In this study, the fungi residue returning was carried out after the harvest of Agaricus bisporus, and we designed 4 treatments with the returning amount 0 (control), TMR (1/3 returning), SMR (a half returning), AMR (all returning), and determined the changes of soil physicochemical characters, microorganisms and enzyme activity after fungi residue returning and 2 seasons of eggplant planting. The results showed that: the effect of fungi residue returning on soil indexes was obvious; (1) fungi residue returning could improve the soil bulk density and soil pH value and alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle; (2) compared with the control, fungi residue returning could significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and reduce the content of soil ammonium nitrogen; (3) fungi residue returning could increase the scale of soil microbial community and soil enzyme activity, which was beneficial to the improvement of soil quality and the enhancement of soil potential inhibition ability to diseases.